| alveolar duct | The part of the respiratory passages distal to the respiratory bronchiole; from it arise alveolar sacs and alveoli, the smallest of the intralobular duct's in the mammary gland, into which the secretory alveoli open. Synonym: ductulus alveolaris. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| alveolar duct emphysema | Emphysema in which the primary involvement is in the alveolar ducts and respiratory bronchioles, as opposed to panacinar emphysema. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar foramina | Openings of the posterior dental canals on the infratemporal surface of the maxilla. Synonym: foramina alveolaria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar gas | The gas in the pulmonary alveoli, where O2-CO2 exchange with pulmonary capillary blood occurs. Synonym: alveolar air. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar gas equation | The equation defining the steady state relation of the alveolar oxygen pressure to the barometric pressure, inspired gas composition, alveolar carbon dioxide pressure, and respiratory exchange ratio; the equation is used in various forms depending upon which simplifying assumptions are acceptable for different applications. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar gingiva | Gingival tissue applied to the alveolar bone. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar gland | A gland in which the secretory unit(s) has a saclike form and an obvious lumen; e.g., the active mammary gland. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar hydatid cyst | A hydatid cyst of a multiloculate type, usually in the liver, caused by Echinococcus multilocularis, adults of which are in foxes; larvae (alveolar hydatid) are found chiefly in microtine rodents, but also among humans such as trappers and others handling pelts of infected foxes and other carnivores; growth is by exogenous budding and is not limited by an outer laminated membrane as in the hydatid cyst from E. Granulosus; necrosis, cavitation, contiguous spread, and death usually ensue. Synonym: multilocular hydatid cyst, multiloculate hydatid cyst. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar index | Relation between the basialveolar (basion to alveolar point) and basinasal (basion to nasion) lengths: (basialveolar length × 100)/basinasal length; the result indicates the degree of projection of the maxilla or upper jaw. Synonym: alveolar index. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar macrophage | Macrophage found in lung and that can be obtained by lung lavage, responsible for clearance of inhaled particles and lung surfactant. Metabolism slightly different from peritoneal macrophages (more oxidative metabolism), often have multivesicular bodies that may represent residual undigested lung surfactant. (18 Nov 1997) |
| alveolar macrophage elastase | <enzyme> Metalloproteinase found in human alveolar macrophages Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- Synonym: elastase, alveolar macrophage, metalloproteinase elastase, human macrophage metalloelastase, mmp12 gene product, mmp-12 gene product, mme gene product, macrophage metalloelastase (26 Jun 1999) |
| alveolar mucosa | The mucous membrane apical to the attached gingiva. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar osteitis | A postoperative complication of tooth extraction in which the blood clot in the socket disintegrates, resulting in focal osteomyelitis and severe pain. Synonym: alveolalgia, alveolar osteitis, dry socket. Origin: alveolus + G. Algos, pain (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar part of mandible | The portion of the body of the mandible that surrounds and supports the lower teeth. Synonym: pars alveolaris mandibulae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| alveolar pattern | Cloudy to dense opacities, obscuring vascular markings, on chest radiographs. Synonym: airspace-filling pattern. (05 Mar 2000) |