| PG | paregoric; parotid gland; pentagastrin; pepsinogen; peptidoglycan; Pharmacopoeia Germanica; phosphat... |
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| PLP | phospholipid; plasma leukapheresis; polypeptide; polystyrene latex particles; posterior lobe of pitu... |
| Post | Pit posterior pituitary [gland] |
| PSA | parasternal short axis; pleomorphic salivary gland adenoma; polyethylene sulfonic acid; polysacchari... |
| PTG | parathyroid gland; prostaglandin |
| adrenal myelolipoma | <radiology> Benign adrenal tumour, fat, bone marrow elements, usually an incidental finding, also known as adrenal choristoma, only adrenal mass containing fat (12 Dec 1998) |
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| adrenal rest | An island of cortical tissue separate from the adrenal gland, usually found in the retroperitoneal tissues, kidney, or genital organs. Synonym: adrenal rest. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adrenal rest tumour | A rare, usually benign, ovarian tumour thought to be derived from embryonic rest cells of the adrenals. This tumour causes various degrees of masculinization. (12 Dec 1998) |
| adrenal virilism | Virilism produced by excessive or abnormal secretory patterns of adrenocortical steroids. Synonym: adrenal virilizing syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adrenal virilizing syndrome | Virilism produced by excessive or abnormal secretory patterns of adrenocortical steroids. Synonym: adrenal virilizing syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adrenal weight factor | A postulated substance of adenohypophysial origin responsible for maintenance of the weight of the adrenal cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| amorphous fraction of adrenal cortex | Noncrystalline residue of an acetone extract of the adrenal cortex after crystalline steroids, e.g., corticosterone, deoxycorticosterone, etc., have been isolated. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bilateral adrenal mass | <radiology> Acute granulomatous disease (e.g., TB), metastases (bilateral in 15%), pheochromocytoma (bilateral in 10%), adrenal hyperplasia (adenoma), spontaneous adrenal haemorrhage (12 Dec 1998) |
| carcinoma, adrenal cortical | A malignant neoplasm of adrenal cortical cells demonstrating partial or complete histological and functional differentiation. They are rare, comprising between only 0.05% and 0.2% of all cancers. Women develop functional adrenal cortical carcinomas more commonly than men, but men develop nonfunctioning ones more often than women. Hypercortisolism is the most common presentation for this cancer. Virilism and cushing's syndrome may also result. (12 Dec 1998) |
| paraganglioma, extra-adrenal | A relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm originating in the chemoreceptor tissue of the carotid body, glomus jugulare, and aortic bodies. It consists histologically of rounded or ovoid hyperchromatic cells that tend to be grouped in an alveolus-like pattern within a scant to moderate amount of fibrous stroma and a few large thin-walled vascular channels. They are uncommon before the age of 20, with a female predominance in some series. (12 Dec 1998) |
| pituitary-adrenal system | The interactions between the anterior pituitary and adrenal glands, in which corticotropin (acth) stimulates the adrenal cortex and adrenal cortical hormones suppress the production of corticotropin by the anterior pituitary. (12 Dec 1998) |
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia | <endocrinology> A genetic disorder present at birth characterised by a deficiency of the hormones aldosterone and cortisol and an overproduction of male sex hormones (androgens). In males this may manifest as enlarged penis, small testes and early development of masculine characteristics. In females features include ambiguous genitalia, failure to menstruate, deep voice and excessive hair. Origin: Gr. Plassein = to form (27 Sep 1997) |
| congenital virilizing adrenal hyperplasia | A series of inherited inborn errors of metabolism with hyperplasia of the adrenal cortex and overproduction of virilizing hormones. Most common forms are due to partial or complete 21-hydroxylase deficiency, leading to increased ACTH production by the pituitary, stimulating adrenal growth and function. Severe form is characterised by salt-losing state. (05 Mar 2000) |
| foetal adrenal cortex | An extensive area of the adrenal gland present in primates during foetal life and for a short period after birth; located between the definitive cortex and the medulla, it contains large steroid-secreting cells arranged in a reticular pattern; involution of this zone in humans is largely completed by three months after birth. Synonym: androgenic zone, foetal reticularis, foetal zone, provisional cortex. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accessory gland | A small mass of glandular structure, detached from but lying near another and larger gland, to which it is similar in structure and probably in function. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adrenal gland |
A gland located near the kidneys that makes many types of hormones including: glucocorticoids (regulate carbohydrate metabolism), mineralocorticoids (regulate sodium/potassium metabolism) and sex hormones (androgens, small amounts of estrogens and progesterone).
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