| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| MCFA | medium-chain fatty acid; miniature centrifugal fast analyzer |
|---|---|
| BCG | 1) Bacillus(Bacille)-Calmette-Gurin 2) Bromo-Cresol Green |
| Bac, bac | Bacillus, bacillary |
| B-G | Bordet-Gengou [agar, bacillus, phenomenon] |
| BS | Bachelor of Science; Bachelor of Surgery; Bacillus subtilis; Bartter syndrome; base strap; bedside; ... |
| Bacillus anthracis toxin | A culture filtrate of Bacillus anthracis containing an exotoxin with at least three different antigenically distinct components: oedema factor, lethal factor, and protective antigen. Synonym: Bacillus anthracis toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Bacillus brevis | A species found in soil, air, dust, milk, and cheese; some strains produce the antibiotic gramicidin or tyrocidin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine | <drug> Live attenuated vaccine for tuberculosis. For groups and health care workers in high endemic areas. Not to be given to individuals with HIV infection. (15 Nov 1997) |
| bacillus cereus | A species of rod-shaped bacteria that is a common soil saprophyte. Its spores are widespread and multiplication has been observed chiefly in foods. Contamination may lead to food poisoning. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Bacillus haemolyticus | The former name for Clostridium haemolyticum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bacillus histolyticus | The former name for Clostridium histolyticum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacillus licheniformis | <bacteria> Bacillus lichemiformis is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped bacterium which is used in the biotech industry to produce the protease enzyme subtilisin. (09 Oct 1997) |
| bacillus megaterium | A species of bacteria whose spores vary from round to elongate. It is a common soil saprophyte. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bacillus phages | Viruses whose host is bacillus. Frequently encountered bacillus phages include bacteriophage phi 29 and bacteriophage phi 105. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Bacillus piliformis | A species causing Tyzzer's disease in animals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bacillus polymyxa | A species found in soil, water, milk, faeces, and decaying vegetables; some strains produce the antibiotic polymyxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacillus popilliae | <bacteria> Bacillus popilliae is a Gram-positive bacterium which attacks only the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica) and is therefore used to kill the beetles. When the larvae are infected, they turn white because of all the bacterial spores (endospores) that develop in the insects' haemolymph (blood equivalent). (09 Oct 1997) |
| Bacillus pumilus ribonuclease | <enzyme> The extracellular ribonuclease of b. Pumilus kmm62; shares 98% structural identity with binase, 72% with barnase; genbank u06867 Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- Synonym: bacillus pumilus rnase, rnase bp (26 Jun 1999) |
| Bacillus sphaericus | A species that is an insect pathogen and that has been associated with human and other mammalian infections, especially in compromised hosts. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bacillus stearothermophilus | A species of gram-positive bacteria found in soil, hot springs, arctic waters, ocean sediments, and spoiled food products. (12 Dec 1998) |