| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
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| UBBC | unsaturated vitamin B12 binding capacity |
|---|---|
| VAD | venous access device; ventricular assist device; vinblastine and dexamethasone; vitamin A deficiency... |
| VDD | atrial synchronous ventricular inhibited [pacemaker]; vitamin D-dependent |
| VDDR | vitamin D-dependent rickets |
| VDRG | vitamin D-binding alpha-blobulin |
| vitamin B5 | Once used to describe biological activities now ascribed to pantothenic acid or nicotinic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| vitamin B6 | <biochemistry> Member of the water soluble B vitamin group. Vitamin B6 or pyridoxine, is active in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. It is also a necessary part of haemoglobin synthesis. B6 deficiency results in retarded growth and a peripheral neuropathy. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin B6 deficiency | Member of the water soluble B vitamin group. Vitamin B6 or pyridoxine, is active in the metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. It is also a necessary part of haemoglobin synthesis. B6 deficiency results in retarded growth and a peripheral neuropathy. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin B6 unit | Potency expressed in terms of weight of pure crystalline pyridoxine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin B7 | <biochemistry> This vitamin is necessary for the synthesis of various enzymes and actsto reduce blood cholesterol. Adeficiency in this vitamin causes pellagra, which is characterised bydermatitis, diarrhoea, and inflammation of the mucous membranes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| vitamin Bc conjugase | <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of the pteroylpolyglutamic acids to pteroylmonoglutamic acid, with consequent increase in vitamin activity; vitamin Bc is an obsolete term for folic acid. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin b complex | <chemical> A group of water-soluble substances including thiamine, riboflavin, niacin (nicotinic acid), niacinamide (nicotinamide), the vitamin b6 group (including pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine), biotin, pantothenic acid, folic acid, possibly para-aminobenzoic acid, inositol, vitamin b12, and possibly choline. Chemical name: Vitamin B (12 Dec 1998) |
| vitamin BT | <biochemistry> _ Hydroxy _ trimethyl aminobutyric acid. Compound that transports long chain fatty acids across the inner mitochondrial membrane in the form of acyl carnitine. Sometimes referred to as Vitamin Bt or Vitamin B7. (18 Nov 1997) |
| vitamin Bx | A factor in the vitamin B complex, a part of all folic acids and required for its formation; neutralises the bacteriostatic effects of the sulfonamides since it furnishes an essential growth factor for bacteria, the utilization with which the sulfonamides interfere; used as an ultraviolet screen in lotions and creams. Synonym: paraaminobenzoic acid, vitamin Bx. Acronym: PABA (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin C | <biochemistry> A water soluble vitamin crucial for the maintenance of connective tissue, wound healing and scar formation. Deficiency is known as scurvy. Symptoms include dry skin, bleeding and swollen gums, bone pains, dental cavities and mouth sores. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin C deficiency | A disease due to the deficiency of vitamin C (ascorbic acid). Symptoms include weakness, anaemia, spongy gums and mucocutaneous bleeding (mouth ulcers). Synonym: scurvy. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin C test | A tourniquet test used to determine presence of vitamin C deficiency or thrombocytopenia; a circle 2.5 cm in diameter, the upper edge of which is 4 cm below the crease of the elbow, is drawn on the inner aspect of the forearm, pressure midway between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure is applied above the elbow for 15 minutes, and a count of petechiae within the circle is made: 10, normal; 10 to 20, marginal zone; over 20, abnormal. See: Rumpel-Leede test. Synonym: capillary resistance test, vitamin C test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin C unit | The vitamin C activity of 0.05 mg of the standard crystalline levoascorbic acid; 1 mg of crystalline vitamin C provides 20 USP unit's. See: Sherman unit. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vitamin D | <biochemistry> The sunshine vitamin is produced by the body when exposed to UV light. Plays important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Deficiency is known as rickets. Symptoms include soft (weak) and bendable bones, stunted growth, bow legs, chest deformities and knock-knees. (27 Sep 1997) |
| vitamin D2 | <hormone> The vitamin produced by the body when exposed to UV light. Plays important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Deficiency is known as rickets. Symptoms include soft (weak) and bendable bones, stunted growth, bow legs, chest deformities and knock-knees. (27 Sep 1997) |