| NMA | National Malaria Association; National Medical Association; neurogenic muscular atrophy; N-nitroso-N... |
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| NPE | neurogenic pulmonary edema; neuropsychologic examination; no palpable enlargement; normal pelvic exa... |
| NPIC | neurogenic peripheral intermittent claudication |
| NTOS | neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome |
| GB | Gall Bladder; 담낭 |
| stress urinary incontinence | Leakage of urine as a result of coughing, straining, or some sudden voluntary movement, due to weakness of the fascia muscles and at the neck of the bladder. Synonym: urinary exertional incontinence. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| incontinence, urinary | Inability to hold urine in the bladder. This is due to failure of voluntary control over the urinary sphincters resulting in involuntary passage of urine (wetting). (12 Dec 1998) |
| infection, urinary tract | An infection in the urinary system that begins when microorganisms cling to the opening of the urethra (the canal from the bladder) and begin to multiply. most utis are due to one type of bacteria, e. (escherichia) coli, a normal denisen of the colon. An infection in the urethra leads to inflammation called urethritis. From there bacteria may move up, causing a bladder infection (cystitis) and if the infection is not treated promptly, bacteria may go up the ureters to infect the kidneys (pyelonephritis). Factors leading to uti include any abnormality of the urinary tract (such as a urinary tract malformation or a kidney stone) that obstructs the flow of urine, an enlarged prostate gland that slows the flow of urine, catheters (tubes) in the bladder, diabetes (due to changes of the immune system), and any disorder that suppresses the immune system. Women have more uti than men, probably because a woman's urethra is shorter (allowing bacteria quick access to the bladder) and nearer sources of bacteria from the anus and vagina. For many women, sexual intercourse seems to trigger an infection, as may the use of a diaphragm. Not everyone with a uti has symptoms but symptoms commonly include a frequent urge to urinate and a painful, burning when urinating (dysuria). The urine may look milky or cloudy, even reddish if blood is present. Kidney infection can cause pain in the back or side below the ribs. In children, symptoms may be easily missed or misunderstood. A child with a uti may be irritable, not eat normally, have an unexplained fever, have incontinence or loose bowels, or just not thrive. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary | <anatomy> Pertaining to the urine, containing or secreting urine. (18 Nov 1997) |
| urinary apparatus | The organs concerned in the production and excretion of urine, together with the organs of reproduction. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary calculi | Calculi in any part of the urinary tract. Vesical calculi (bladder calculi) are those found in the urinary bladder; renal calculi (kidney calculi) are those found in the pelvis of the kidney. Types of urinary calculi are often classified by chemical composition or pattern of chemical composition distribution. Urinary calculi types include alternating or combination, cystine, decubitus, encysted, fibrin, hemp seed, matrix, mulberry, oxalate, struvite, urostealith, and xanthic calculi. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary calculus | A calculus in the kidney, ureter, bladder, or urethra. Synonym: urolith. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary carboxypeptidase | <enzyme> From human urine; can be distinguished from kininase I, kininase II and enkephalin convertase Registry number: EC 3.4.17.- Synonym: kininase one-an'-a-half (26 Jun 1999) |
| urinary casts | Cast's discharged in the urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary catheterization | Employment or passage of a catheter into the bladder (urethral c.) or kidney (ureteral c.) for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary concentration test | A test of renal tubular function whereby the patient is dehydrated for a measured period of time and the specific gravity of the urine is subsequently determined. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary cyst | A cyst containing extravasated urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary diversion | Temporary or permanent diversion of the flow of urine through the ureter away from the bladder in the presence of a bladder disease or after cystectomy. There is a variety of techniques: direct anastomosis of ureter and bowel, cutaneous ureterostomy, ileal, jejunal or colon conduit, ureterosigmoidostomy, etc. (12 Dec 1998) |
| urinary exertional incontinence | Leakage of urine as a result of coughing, straining, or some sudden voluntary movement, due to weakness of the fascia muscles and at the neck of the bladder. Synonym: urinary exertional incontinence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| urinary fever | An elevation of temperature, usually slight and transitory, following catheterization of the urethra, or the passage of blood clots, gravel, or a calculus. Synonym: catheter fever, urethral fever. (05 Mar 2000) |