| ¿µ¹® | intelligence test | ÇÑ±Û | Áö´É°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | 1905³â ÇÁ¶û½ºÀÇ ºñ³×°¡ Á¤½Å¹Ú¾à¾Æ¸¦ ÀϹݾƵ¿À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÆÇº°Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© ÀÛ¼ºÇÑ °ÍÀÌ Áö´É°Ë»çÀÇ ½ÃÀÛÀÌ´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»ç´Â ±×ÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ÀϹÝÀû Áö´É°Ë»ç¿Í Áø´Ü¿ë Áö´É°Ë»ç·Î ³ª´²Áö°í, ½Ç½Ã¹æ¹ý¿¡¼ °³Àοë(°³º°½Ä)°ú Áý´Ü¿ë(´Üü½Ä)À¸·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ°í ¶Ç ¹®Á¦ÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ¾ð¾î¼º°Ë»ç(A½Ä ¶Ç´Â ¥á½Ä)¿Í ºñ¾ð¾î¼º°Ë»ç(B½Ä ¥â½Ä)·Î ³ª´²Áø´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»çÀÇ °á°úÀÇ Ç¥½Ã¹ýÀº Á¤½Å¿¬·É(mental age, MA), Áö´ÉÁö¼ö(intelligence quotient, IQ), Áö´ÉÆíÂ÷Ä¡(intelligence standard score, ISS)µîÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Áö´É°Ë»ç¿¡´Â ¿ª»çÀûÀ¸·Î ºñ³×½Ä°ú À°±º½ÄÀÇ µÎ °èÅëÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. ºñ³×½ÄÀº °Ë»çÀÚ°¡ °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÑ °³ ¹®Ç×¾¿ Áú¹®À» Çϸé ÀÌ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© Çǰ˻çÀÚ°¡ ¸»À̳ª ÇൿÀ¸·Î ÀÀ´äÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý(°³º°½Ä-¹®´ä½Ä)À̰í, À°±º½ÄÀº ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¹æ½ÄÀ¸·Î´Â ÀμâµÈ ¹®Á¦¿ëÁö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© Çǰ˻çÀÚ°¡ ¼ÒÁ¤ÀÇ ½Ã°£ ³»¿¡ µÇµµ·Ï ¸¹ÀÌ ¹Ù¸£°Ô(½Ã°£Á¦Çѹý) ȸ´äÀ» ±âÀÔÇÑ´Ù(Çʱâ¹ý). Çѱ¹ ÃÖÃÊÀÇ Áö´É°Ë»ç´Â 1954³â ¼¿ï´ëÇб³ »ç¹ü´ëÇÐ ±³À°½É¸®¿¬±¸½Ç¿¡¼ Á¦ÀÛÇÑ °£Æí Áö´É°Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. °£Æí Áö´É°Ë»ç ÀÌÈÄ ´Ù¼öÀÇ Áý´Ü Áö´É°Ë»ç°¡ ÃâÇöÇÏ¿´´Âµ¥ ºñ±³Àû ÃÖ±Ù¿¡ Ç¥ÁØÈµÈ Áö´É°Ë»ç·Î´Â Çѱ¹Çൿ°úÇבּ¸¼Ò°¡ 1984³â¿¡ Àü±¹ °íµîÇб³ ÇлýÀ» ´ë»óÀ¸·Î Á¦ÀÛÇÑ KIT-S Áö´É°Ë»ç°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | patch test | ÇÑ±Û | øÆ÷°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ÇǺξ˷¹¸£±â¿¡ ´ëÇÑ °Ë»ç¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î Ç׿øÀ» ºÙÀΠøÆ÷¸¦ ÇǺο¡ ºÎÂøÇÑ ´ÙÀ½ 2ÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ »çÇϰí, ´Ù½Ã 2ÀÏ ÈÄ¿¡ °Ë»çÇÑ´Ù. 2¹ø ¸ðµÎ ÇǺÎÀÌ»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é, ¾Ë·¹¸£±â¹ÝÀÀ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀ̸ç, ¸¸¾à óÀ½ 2ÀÏ¿¡´Â ÀÌ»óÀÌ ÀÖÁö¸¸, ´ÙÀ½ 2ÀÏ ÈÄ °Ë»ç¿¡¼ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀÌ ¾øÀ¸¸é, ±×°ÍÀº ´ÜÁö ÇǺÎÀڱؿ¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÀÌ»ó¼Ò°ßÀÏ »ÓÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | hearing test | ÇÑ±Û | û·Â°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ±Í°¡ µé¸®´Â Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â °Ë»ç. û°¢°Ë»ç¶ó°íµµ ÇÑ´Ù. ¼Ò¸®³ª ¸ñ¼Ò¸®°¡ Àß µé¸®´ÂÁöÀÇ ¿©ºÎ µî û°¢ÀÇ ¿¹¹ÎÇÑ Á¤µµ¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ´Â ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. °Ë»ç¿¡´Â û·Â°è³ª ¼Ò¸®±Á¼è µîÀÇ ±â±¸¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¾ò´Â À½¿ø, Áï ¼øÀ½À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, »ç¶÷ÀÇ ¸ñ¼Ò¸®³ª ½Ã°è¼Ò¸® µîµµ À½¿øÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ¶Ç À½ÆÄ°¡ ÀüÆÄµÇ´Â ¸ÅÁú¿¡ µû¶ó ±âµµ û·Â°Ë»ç¿Í °ñµµ û·Â°Ë»ç·Î ±¸º°µÇ±âµµ ÇÑ´Ù. °Ë»çÀÇ ³»¿ëÀ¸·Î´Â û°¢ÀÇ »óÇÏÀ½°è³ª ÃÖ¼Ò °¡Ã»¹®ÅΰªÀÇ °Ë»ç¸¦ ºñ·ÔÇÏ¿©, ÃæºÐÈ÷ µé¸®´Â ¼Ò¸®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ±×°ÍÀÌ µé¸®´Â »óŸ¦ Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ¹®Åΰª°Ë»ç(¼Ò¸®ÀÇ Å©±â¿Í »óÅÂÀÇ °Ë»ç, ¼¼±âÀÇ ÆÇº°¿ª°Ë»ç µî) ¿Ü¿¡ À½ÇâÀÚ±ØÀÇ ¹ÝÀÀÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ Å¸°¢ÀûÀ¸·Î Á¶»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, À̰ÍÀº ÁÖ·Î °«³¾Æ±â³ª Á¤½Åº´È¯ÀÚ¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù. ÁַΠû·Â°è°¡ »ç¿ëµÇ°í, û·ÂÀº µ¥½Ãº§(dB)·Î Ç¥½ÃµÈ´Ù. Á¤»óÀÎÀº 0dBÀ̰í, ³Ã»ÀÚÀϼö·Ï ±× ¼ö°¡ Ä¿Áö¸ç, 60dBÀÌ»óÀº »ó´çÈ÷ ³Ã»À̰í, 80dB ÀÌ»óÀÌ¸é ±Í¸Ó°Å¸®ÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | Coombs test | ÇÑ±Û | Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý. Ç×ü¶õ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ ¹°Áú¿¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ±× ¹°ÁúÀÇ ÀÛ¿ëÀ» ¾ïÁ¦Çϰí, ¶Ç´Â ±× ¹°ÁúÀ» ÆÄ±«ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î B-¸²ÇÁ±¸¶ó´Â ¸é¿ªÀ» ´ã´çÇÏ´Â ¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÇÇØ¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø´Ù. ÀÌ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿¡´Â Á÷Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç¿Í °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»çÀÇ µÎ °¡Áö°¡ Àִµ¥ Á÷Á¢ Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â ¸ö¼ÓÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â Ç×ü¸¦ °Ë»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. äÃëÇÑ Ç÷¾×À» ÀûÇ÷±¸¸¦ ¾ò¾î¼ »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü(»ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ƯÁ¤ÇÏ°Ô ºÎÂøÀÌ µÇ´Â Ç×ü)¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½Ã۸é, ¸¸¾à ÀûÇ÷±¸¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸¶ó¸é »ç¶÷ÀÇ Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü°¡, ÀÛ¿ëÇÏ¿© ħ° ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾ°Ô µÇ°í Ç×ü°¡ ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸ÀÌ¸é ¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ´Ù. °£Á¢Å©¿òÁî°Ë»ç´Â Ç÷Àå¼Ó¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ºÎÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀº Ç×ü¸¦ ã¾Æ³»´Â ½ÃÇèÀ¸·Î Ç÷ÀåÀ» äÃëÇØ¼ ´Ù¸¥ »ç¶÷ÀÇ ÀûÇ÷±¸¿Í ¹ÝÀÀÀ» ½ÃŰ°í ¿ª½Ã Ç×ü¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Ç×ü¸¦ ¹ÝÀÀ½ÃÄÑ Ä§°¹ÝÀÀÀ» °üÂûÇØ¼ ±× Ç×ü¸¦ ã¾Æ³»´Â ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. |
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| ¿µ¹® | tuberculin test | ÇÑ±Û | Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰˻ç |
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| ¼³¸í | ¸¹Àº ¼·Î ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅÂÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Ä𸰰ú ´Ù¾çÇÑ Åõ¿©¹æ¹ý¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¸ðµç Á¾·ùÀÇ °áÇÙ ÇǺΰ˻ç¹ý. ÇöÀç Ç¥ÁØ ½ÃÇè¹ýÀ¸·Î µÇ¾îÀÖ´Â °¡Àå ½Åºù¼ºÀÖ´Â °Ë»ç·Î´Â PPD¸¦ Çdz»ÁÖ»çÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¸ÁÅä¿ì °Ë»çÀÌ´Ù. Çdz»ÁÖ»çÈÄ 48~72½Ã°£ ÈÄ¿¡ ÁÖ»çºÎÀ§¿¡ Á÷°æ 10mmÀÌ»óÀ¸·Î º¸À̸ç, ¸¸Á®Áö´Â È«¹Ý°ú °æÈ°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é ¾ç¼ºÀÌ´Ù. ¼ºÀο¡°Ô´Â ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î Áß°£ °µµÀÇ Æ©º£¸£Äð¸°(5Tu)À» »ç¿ëÇϸç, ¾ç¼º¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª¸é °áÇÙ±Õ¿¡ ÀÌÀü¿¡ °¨¿°µÇ¾ú°Å³ª ÇöÀç °¨¿°µÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù´Â È®Á¤Àû Áø´ÜÀÌ µÈ´Ù. À½¼º¹ÝÀÀÀº °áÇÙÀÌ ¾ø°Å³ª, ½ÉÇÑ °áÇÙ°¨¿°¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ÇǺξ˷¹¸£±â°¡ ÀÖÀ» °æ¿ì, ¶Ç´Â ¸é¿ª¾ïÁ¦¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»´Â º´, ¿¹¸¦ µé¸é È£ÁöŲº´À̳ª »ç¸£ÄÚÀ̵åÁõ µîÀÌ ÇÕº´µÈ °æ¿ìÀÌ´Ù. |
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| SAST | Self-administered Alcoholism Screening Test; selective arterial secretin injection test; serum aspar... |
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| DDD | AV universal [pacemaker]; defined daily dose; degenerative disc disease; dehydroxydinaphthyl disulfi... |
| DPVS | Denver peritoneovenous shunt |
| RQDS | Revised Quantified Denver Scale of Communication |
| DEHT | developmental hand function test |
| neonatal screening | The identification of selected parameters in newborn infants by various tests, examinations, or other procedures. Screening may be performed by clinical or laboratory measures. A screening test is designed to sort out healthy neonates from those not well, but the screening test is not intended as a diagnostic device, rather instead as epidemiologic. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| newborn screening | Tests of newborns to detect those at increased risk for disorders such as pku (phenylketonuria) and hypothyroidism. (12 Dec 1998) |
| differential screening | Process in development of a multicellular organism by which cells become specialised for particular functions. Requires that there is selective expression of portions of the genome, the fully differentiated state may be preceded by a stage in which the cell is already programmed for differentiation but is not yet expressing the characteristic phenotype determination. (18 Nov 1997) |
| drug screening | Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications. (12 Dec 1998) |
| drug screening assays, antitumour | Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumour growth parameters in laboratory animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| familial screening | Screening directed at close relatives of probands with diseases that may lie latent, as in age-dependent dominant traits, or that may involve risk to progeny, as X-linked traits. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Abbe test plate | <equipment> A long, wedge-shaped coverslip about 0.20 mm thick at one end and 0.10 to 0.12 mm at the other end coated chemically with a silver film on which are ruled horizontal lines. at each variation in thickness of 0.01 mm there are vertical lines. By means of oblique illumination and by focusing on different portions of the plate, it is possible to determine the optimum coverslip thickness for any objective and also, for microscopes with drawtubes, the tube length for best objective performance. The approximate freedom from spherical and chromatic aberrations can also be estimated. Small isolated bits of silver near the edges of the lines form good objects for the star test (05 Aug 1998) |
| acetone test | A test for ketonuria; the suspected urine is shaken up with a few drops of sodium nitroprusside, and strong ammonia water is then gently poured over the mixture; if acetone is present, a magenta ring forms at the line of contact; tablets containing sodium nitroprusside and alkali are now more commonly used. (05 Mar 2000) |
| achievement test | A standardised test used to measure acquired learning, e.g., competence in a specific subject area such as reading or arithmetic, in contrast to an intelligence test which is a useful index of potential ability or learning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acidified serum test | Lysis of the patient's red cells in acidified fresh serum, specific for paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria. Synonym: Ham's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid loading test | <nephrology> This is a test used in the diagnosis of renal tubular acidosis. The patient takes ammonium chloride capsules for 3 days to acidify the blood (lower blood pH). A sample of the urine and the blood is then collected and the results are interpreted. (27 Sep 1997) |
| acid perfusion test | <gastroenterology, investigation> A test used to diagnosis gastrooesophageal reflux disease. This investigation requires that the patient swallow 3 tiny tubes into the stomach. A mixture of hydrochloric acid (like stomach acid) and saline are alternatively injected into the tubes. The patient then reports any symptoms they may have. Some patients may vomit. (13 Nov 1997) |
| acid phosphatase test for semen | A screening test for semen by determining acid phosphatase content; because seminal fluid contains high concentrations of acid phosphatase, while other body fluids and extraneous foreign materials have very low concentrations, high values of acid phosphatase on vaginal aspirate or lavage, or on wash fluid from stains, render positive identification of semen, even if the male is aspermic. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acid reflux test | A test to detect gastroesophageal reflux by monitoring oesophageal pH by an electrode in the distal oesophagus either basally or after acid is instilled into the stomach. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ACTH stimulation test | A test for adrenal cortical function; ACTH administered by continuous intravenous infusion, or intramuscularly, evokes an increase in plasma cortisol in normal persons; in adrenal cortical insufficiency, the expected increase in plasma cortisol is limited or nonexistent. (05 Mar 2000) |
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