| multiphasic screening | The simultaneous use of multiple laboratory procedures for the detection of various diseases. These are usually performed on groups of people. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| prenatal screening | Screening for the detection of foetal disease, usually by ultrasound examination or by testing amniotic fluid obtained by amniocentesis. Other screening techniques include testing maternal serum and placental biopsy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cytologic screening | A screening for the detection of early disease, usually cancer, through microscopic examination of a cellular specimen by inspecting each cell and structure present, usually at ×100 magnification with a mechanical stage, so that all areas are screened; the findings are evaluated and significant abnormalities are flagged (e.g., by dotting the cover slip) for further evaluation by a cytopathologist. This screening is usually performed by a cytotechnologist, but at times is done by automated machine prescreening. (05 Mar 2000) |
| screening | Examination of people with no symptoms, to detect unsuspected disease. (16 Dec 1997) |
| screening audiometry | Rapid measurement of the hearing of an individual or a group against a predetermined limit of normalcy; auditory responses to different frequencies presented at a constant intensity level are tested. (05 Mar 2000) |
| screening test | Any testing procedure designed to separate people or objects according to a fixed characteristic or property. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neonatal screening | The identification of selected parameters in newborn infants by various tests, examinations, or other procedures. Screening may be performed by clinical or laboratory measures. A screening test is designed to sort out healthy neonates from those not well, but the screening test is not intended as a diagnostic device, rather instead as epidemiologic. (12 Dec 1998) |
| newborn screening | Tests of newborns to detect those at increased risk for disorders such as pku (phenylketonuria) and hypothyroidism. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Denver Developmental Screening Test | A scale used by psychologists and paediatricians to assess the developmental, intellectual, motor, and social maturity of children at any age level from birth to adolescence. (05 Mar 2000) |
| differential screening | Process in development of a multicellular organism by which cells become specialised for particular functions. Requires that there is selective expression of portions of the genome, the fully differentiated state may be preceded by a stage in which the cell is already programmed for differentiation but is not yet expressing the characteristic phenotype determination. (18 Nov 1997) |
| drug screening | Preclinical testing of drugs in experimental animals or in vitro for their biological and toxic effects and potential clinical applications. (12 Dec 1998) |
| drug screening assays, antitumour | Methods of investigating the effectiveness of anticancer cytotoxic drugs and biologic inhibitors. These include in vitro cell-kill models and cytostatic dye exclusion tests as well as in vivo measurement of tumour growth parameters in laboratory animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| familial screening | Screening directed at close relatives of probands with diseases that may lie latent, as in age-dependent dominant traits, or that may involve risk to progeny, as X-linked traits. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antibodies, neoplasm | Immunoglobulins induced by antigens specific for tumours other than the normally occurring histocompatibility antigens. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, neoplasm | Proteins, glycoprotein, or lipoprotein moieties on surfaces of tumour cells that are usually identified by monoclonal antibodies. Many of these are of either embryonic or viral origin. (12 Dec 1998) |