| receptors, calcitonin | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Calcitonin receptors outside the nervous system mediate the role of calcitonin in calcium homeostasis. The role of calcitonin receptors in the brain is not well understood. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| receptors, calcitonin gene-related peptide | Cell surface proteins that bind calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. Cgrp receptors are present in both the central nervous system and the periphery and are not the same as calcitonin receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, calcitriol | Proteins, usually found in the cytoplasm, that specifically bind calcitriol, migrate to the nucleus, and regulate transcription of specific segments of DNA. Vitamin d is converted in the liver and kidney to calcitriol and ultimately acts through these receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, catecholamine | Cell surface proteins that bind catecholamines with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The catecholamine messengers epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine are synthesised from tyrosine by a common biosynthetic pathway. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, ccr5 | Seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors for beta-chemokines. They also function as fusion cofactors for macrophage-tropic HIV-1 strains. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, cell surface | Cell surface proteins that bind signalling molecules external to the cell with high affinity and convert this extracellular event into one or more intracellular signals that alter the behaviour of the target cell. Cell surface receptors, unlike enzymes, do not chemically alter their ligands. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, chemokine | Cell surface glycoproteins that bind to chemokines and thus mediate the migration of pro-inflammatory molecules. The receptors are members of the seven-transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptor family. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, cholecystokinin | Cell surface proteins that bind cholecystokinin (cck) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Cholecystokinin receptors are activated by gastrin as well as by cck-4, cck-8, and cck-33. Activation of these receptors evokes secretion of amylase by pancreatic acinar cells, acid and pepsin by stomach mucosal cells, and contraction of the pylorus and gall bladder. The role of the widespread cck receptors in the central nervous system is not well understood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, cholinergic | Cell surface proteins that bind acetylcholine with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Cholinergic receptors are divided into two major classes, muscarinic and nicotinic, based originally on their affinity for nicotine and muscarine. Each group is further subdivided based on pharmacology, location, mode of action, and/or molecular biology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, colony-stimulating factor | Cell surface receptors for colony-stimulating factors, local mediators, and hormones that regulate the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of haemopoietic cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, complement | Molecules on the surface of some B-lymphocytes and macrophages, that recognise and combine with the c3b, c3d, c1q, and c4b components of complement. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, complement 3b | Molecular sites on or in some B-lymphocytes and macrophages that recognise and combine with complement 3b. The primary structure of these receptors reveal that they contain transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, with their extracellular portion composed entirely of thirty short consensus repeats each having 60 to 70 amino acids. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, complement 3d | Molecular sites on or in B-lymphocytes, follicular dendritic cells, lymphoid cells, and epithelial cells that recognise and combine with complement 3d. Human cr2 serves as a receptor for both c3dg and the gp350/220 glycoprotein of herpes virus 4, human, and binds the monoclonal antibody okb7, which blocks binding of both ligands to the receptor. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, concanavalin a | Glycoprotein moieties on the surfaces of cell membranes that bind concanavalin a selectively; the number and location of the sites depends on the type and condition of the cell. (12 Dec 1998) |
| receptors, corticotropin | Cell surface receptors that bind corticotropin (acth, adrenocorticotropic hormone) with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes. Pharmacology suggests there may be multiple acth receptors. An acth receptor has been cloned and belongs to a subfamily of g-protein-coupled receptors. In addition to the adrenal cortex, acth receptors are found in the brain and immune systems. (12 Dec 1998) |