| RNA virus | A group of virus's in which the core consists of RNA; a major group of animal virus's that includes the families Picornaviridae, Reoviridae, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae, Bunyaviridae, Arenaviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Retroviridae, Coronaviridae, Orthomyxoviridae, and Rhabdoviridae. Synonym: ribovirus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| RNA viruses | Viruses whose genetic material is RNA. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, antisense | An RNA molecule which, by binding to a complementary sequence in either RNA or DNA, inhibits the function and/or completion of synthesis of the latter molecule. It is involved in various regulatory systems in vivo. Artificial antisense rnas have been used to inhibit translation of specific mRNA molecules both in living cells (eukaryotic and bacterial) and in cell-free systems. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, archaeal | Ribonucleic acid in archaea having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, bacterial | Ribonucleic acid in bacteria having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, catalytic | RNA which contains an intron sequence that has an enzyme-like catalytic activity. This intron sequence has been shown to fold up to form a complex surface that can function like an enzyme in reactions with other RNA molecules and thus synthesise new molecules even in the absence of protein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, chloroplast | Ribonucleic acid in chloroplasts having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, complementary | Synthetic transcripts of a specific DNA molecule or fragment, made by an in vitro transcription system. This crna can be labelled with radioactive uracil and then used as a probe. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, double-stranded | RNA consisting of two strands as opposed to the more prevalent single-stranded RNA. most of the double-stranded segments are formed from transcription of DNA by intramolecular base-pairing of inverted complementary sequences separated by a single-stranded loop. Some double-stranded segments of RNA are normal in all organisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, fungal | Ribonucleic acid in fungi having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, guide | Small kinetoplastid mitochondrial RNA that plays a major role in RNA editing. These molecules form perfect hybrids with edited mRNA sequences and possess nucleotide sequences at their 5'-ends that are complementary to the sequences of the mRNA's immediately downstream of the pre-edited regions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, helminth | Ribonucleic acid in helminths having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, heterogeneous nuclear | Nuclear nonribosomal RNA larger than about 1000 nucleotides, the mass of which is rapidly synthesised and degraded within the cell nucleus. Some heterogeneous nuclear RNA may be a precursor to mRNA. However, the great bulk of total hnrna hybridises with nuclear DNA rather than with mRNA. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, nuclear | RNA molecules found in the nucleus either associated with chromosomes or in the nucleoplasm. (12 Dec 1998) |
| RNA, plant | Ribonucleic acid in plants having regulatory and catalytic roles as well as involvement in protein synthesis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| DNA-RNA hybrid | Double-stranded polynucleic acids in which one strand is DNA and the other strand is the complementary RNA; formed during transcription and during multiplication of oncogenic RNA viruses. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| DNA-RNA hybridisation | <molecular biology> A type of hybridisation. In this case, a strand of DNA is joined with a complementary strand of RNA to form a double-stranded molecule (or one which is partly double-stranded, if one of the original single strands is shorter than the other). (09 Oct 1997) |
| informational RNA | mRNA |
| template RNA | mRNA |
| T loop of RNA | <molecular biology> The T loop of tRNA is the region of the molecule that is responsible for ribosome recognition. (16 Dec 1997) |
| transfer RNA | <molecular biology> A nucleic acid found in all living cells. Plays a role in transferring information from DNA to the protein-forming system of the cell. (16 Dec 1997) |
| U1 small nuclear RNA-(guanosine-N2)-methyltransferase | <enzyme> A trans-active non-small nuclear ribonucleoprotein; facilitates the formation of the m3g cap Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- Synonym: u1 snrna(g-n2)mtase (26 Jun 1999) |
| U6 small nuclear RNA methyltransferase | <enzyme> Methylates gamma-phosphate residues in rnas; distinct from u6 snrna n6-adenosine methyltranferase; mw 130 kD; from hela cells Registry number: EC 2.1.1.- Synonym: u6 snrna capping enzyme (26 Jun 1999) |
| ui RNA | <molecular biology> A common type of small nuclear RNA (165 bases long) that serves to splice and/or remove exons of messenger RNA. (09 Oct 1997) |
| UTP-RNA uridylyltransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses addition of single ump residue from utp to 3'-end of RNA primer Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: terminal uridylyltransferase, ump transferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| 16S RNA pseudouridine 516 synthase | <enzyme> Acts only on uridine 516 of e. Coli 16s RNA; amino acid sequence given in first source Registry number: EC 5.4.99.- Synonym: psi516 synthase, rsua gene product (26 Jun 1999) |