| 영문 | narcissistic personality disorder | 한글 | 자기애적 인격장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자신의 중요성과 독특함, 유일함에 대한 광적인 집착과 자신이 성공할 것이라는 지나친 집착을 보여주는 성격장애. 지나친 자기에의 만족감을 가지고, 지나친 자신감, 성공에 대한 확신을 지니고 있다. |
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| 영문 | conversion disorder | 한글 | 전환장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 내부의 갈등에 대한 무의식적 방어메커니즘으로 내부의 갈등을 특정한 신체의 증상으로 변환하여 나타내는 것을 말 한다. 이 전환으로 인한 증상을 주로 나타내는 정신질환을 전환장애라고 한다. 전환으로 인한 증상으로 대표적인 것으로는 마비, 경련, 의식장애 등이다. 대개 그 병을 일으킬 만한 병변이 존재하지 않고, 심리적 갈등이 심할 경우에 더욱 증상이 심해지고 증상의 발현으로 인해서 내부적 갈등이 감소되고 증상의 발현으로 인한 2차적 이득(가족들의 관심집중, 돌봐줌)이 있는 것이 이 전환장애의 특징이다. 대개 이 전환장애 환자는 자신의 질환에 대해서 특징적으로 매우 무관심한 태도를 취한다. |
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| 영문 | affective disorder | 한글 | 정동장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 주로 기분의 장애가 주축이 되는 일련의 정신장애이다. 이 병의 범주에는(우울병－지속적으로 우울한 기분이 외부자극과 관계없이 나타나는 병), (조병－지속적으로 들뜬 기분이 외부자극과 관계없이 계속되는 병) 등이 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | psychiatric disorder(s) | 한글 | 정신질환 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 정신상태에 이상이 있는 질환으로, 정신분열병, 정동장애, 인격장애 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | learning disorder | 한글 | 학습장애 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 지능은 정상이지만 듣기, 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기, 추리 또는 계산능력에 심각한 문제가 나타나는 여러 장애들을 일컫는 용어. 이로 인해 학업성적 및 자신감 저하, 대인관계에서도 사교 능력이 미숙하여 일상생활의 모든 면에서 문제가 나타난다. 성인기 사회적응력에도 영향을 미칠 수 있으며, 행동장애, 주의력결핍, 과잉운동장애, 우울장애 등과 동반되어 나타날 수 있다. 그 유병률은 낮게는 1.7%, 높게는 30% 정도로 추정하고 있지만 학동기 아동의 약 3~9%가 이 장애를 갖고 있는 것으로 알려져 있다. 기초학습기능검사를 통하여 진단한다. 학습의 기회나 교육적인 자극이 부족한 경우, 집중력 부족, 우울증-불안 등 정서적 문제, 신경학적 이상에 의한 경우 등이 원인일 수 있다. 학습과 관련이 있는 뇌기능과 연관된 특정영역에 결함이 있거나 발육지연 또는 장애가 있는 경우도 원인이 된다. 또한 부모가 조기에 자녀의 능력과 적성을 잘 알지 못하는 경우에도 많이 생긴다. |
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| DD | dangerous drug; data definition; day of delivery; degenerated disc; degenerative disease; delusional... |
|---|---|
| PAD | pain and distress; patient surface axis depth; percutaneous abscess drainage; percutaneous automated... |
| SPD | schizotypal personality disorder; sociopathic personality disorder; specific paroxysmal discharge; s... |
| ADD | 1) Attention Deficit Disorder = Hyperkinetic Syndrome &nbs... |
| ADHD | Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; 주의력 부족 행동 과다 장애 |
| nail matrix | The area of the corium on which the nail rests; it is extremely sensitive and presents numerous longitudinal ridges on its surface. According to some anatomists, the nail bed is the portion covered by the body of the nail, the nail matrix being only the part on which the root of the nail rests. Synonym: matrix unguis, keratogenous membrane, nail matrix, onychostroma. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| nail-patella syndrome | <radiology> Fong syndrome, hereditary arthrodysplasia, J.W. Turner syndrome, autosomal dominant Features: abnormal fingernails, absent/hypoplastic patella, defects in radial head, iliac horns (bony processes along posterior surfaces of iliac bones), discoloration of iris (12 Dec 1998) |
| nail pits | Small punctate depressions on the surface of the nail plate due to defective nail formation; seen in psoriasis and other disorders. See: geographic stippling of nails. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nail plate | 1. <anatomy> The horny scale of plate of epidermis at the end of the fingers and toes of man and many apes. "His nayles like a briddes claws were." (Chaucer) The nails are strictly homologous with hoofs and claws. When compressed, curved, and pointed, they are called talons or claws, and the animal bearing them is said to be unguiculate; when they incase the extremities of the digits they are called hoofs, and the animal is ungulate. 2. <ornithology, zoology> The basal thickened portion of the anterior wings of certain hemiptera. The terminal horny plate on the beak of ducks, and other allied birds. 3. A slender, pointed piece of metal, usually with a head, used for fastening pieces of wood or other material together, by being driven into or through them. The different sorts of nails are named either from the use to which they are applied, from their shape, from their size, or from some other characteristic, as shingle, floor, ship-carpenters', and horseshoe nails, roseheads, diamonds, fourpenny, tenpenny (see Penny), chiselpointed, cut, wrought, or wire nails, etc. 4. A measure of length, being two inches and a quarter, or the sixteenth of a yard. Nail ball, a round projectile with an iron bolt protruding to prevent it from turning in the gun. Nail plate, iron in plates from which cut nails are made. On the nail, in hand; on the spot; immediately; without delay or time of credit; as, to pay money on the nail. "You shall have ten thousand pounds on the nail." . To hit the nail on the head, to hit most effectively; to do or say a thing in the right way. Origin: AS. Naegel, akin to D. Nagel, OS OHG. Nagal, G. Nagel, Icel. Nagl, nail (in sense 1), nagli nail (in sense 3), Sw. Nagel nail (in senses 1 and 3), Dan. Nagle, Goth. Ganagljan to nail, Lith. Nagas nail (in sense 1), Russ. Nogote, L. Unguis, Gr, Skr. Nakha. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nail pulse | A capillary pulse seen through the nail. (05 Mar 2000) |
| syndrome, nail-patella | Hereditary dominant condition with abnormally formed (dysplastic) or absent nails and absent or underdeveloped (hypoplastic) kneecaps (patellae). Other features include iliac horns (symmetrical bilateral central posterior iliac processes), abnormality of the elbows interfering with full range of motion (pronation and supination) and kidney disease resembling glomerulonephritis which.is often mild but can be progressive and lead to renal failure. The nail-patella gene locus found linked genetically to the abo blood group in1965 is now known to be in chromosome region 9q34. Also called onychoosteodysplasia, turner-kieser syndrome, and fong disease. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ingrown nail | A toenail, one edge of which is overgrown by the nailfold, producing a pyogenic granuloma; due to faulty trimming of the toenails or pressure from a tight shoe. Synonym: ingrowing toenail, onychocryptosis, onyxis, unguis aduncus, unguis incarnatus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| occult border of nail | The proximal border of the nail entirely covered by the nail wall. Synonym: margo occultus unguis, occult border of nail. (05 Mar 2000) |
| egg shell nail | Thinning of nails resulting in bending and breaking of the free edge, with longitudinal fissures. Synonym: egg shell nail. Origin: hapalo-+ G. Onyx (onych-), nail (05 Mar 2000) |
| tooth-and-nail syndrome | <syndrome> Hypodontia associated with absent or very small nails at birth. Common among Dutch Mennonites in Canada. (05 Mar 2000) |
| twenty-nail dystrophy | Longitudinal ridging of all of the nails; seen in alopecia areata and lichen planus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| yellow nail | The complete or almost complete cessation of all nail growth, with thickening of the nails, increase in the convexity, loss of cuticles, and yellowing; the resulting onycholysis can cause loss of some of the nails; the condition is often associated with pulmonary disease but differs from clubbing in that the soft tissues are not hypertrophic. Synonym: yellow nail syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| yellow nail syndrome | The complete or almost complete cessation of all nail growth, with thickening of the nails, increase in the convexity, loss of cuticles, and yellowing; the resulting onycholysis can cause loss of some of the nails; the condition is often associated with pulmonary disease but differs from clubbing in that the soft tissues are not hypertrophic. Synonym: yellow nail syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Kuntscher nail | An intramedullary nail used for internal fixation of a fracture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lateral border of nail | The sides of the nail extending from the proximal to the free borders. Synonym: margo lateralis unguis. (05 Mar 2000) |