| intra-aortic balloon pump | <cardiology, equipment> A device which is threaded into the aorta that augments the strength of the hearts contraction. The counter pulsation, produced by the inflation of a balloon within the aorta, provides an rhythmic increase in aortic pressures. The net effect is an increase in coronary artery blood flow. Intra-aortic balloon pump is a temporary lifesaving measure that is used to treat severe cardiac damage due to a massive heart attack. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| ion pump | A membranal complex of proteins that is capable of transporting ions against a concentration gradient using the energy from ATP. (05 Mar 2000) |
| electrogenic pump | <physiology> Ion pump that generates net charge flow as a result of its activity. The sodium potassium exchange pump transports two potassium ions inward across the cell membrane for each three sodiums transported outward. This produces a net outward current that contributes to the internal negativity of the cell. (05 Jan 1998) |
| jet ejector pump | A suction pump in which fluid under high pressure is forced through a nozzle into an abruptly larger tube where a high velocity jet, at a low pressure in accordance with Bernoulli's law, entrains gas or liquid from a side tube opening just beyond the end of the nozzle to create suction; e.g., the pump by which steam is used to evacuate an autoclave, a water aspirator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| force pump | <machinery> A pump having a solid piston, or plunger, for drawing and forcing a liquid, as water, through the valves; in distinction from a pump having a bucket, or valved piston. A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height above the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from one which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it through a spout. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| Adair-Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer model | <biochemistry, chemistry> A model to explain the allosteric form of cooperativity; in this model, in the absence of ligands, the protein exists in only one conformation; upon binding, the ligand induces a conformational change that may be transmitted to other subunits. Synonym: Adair-Koshland-Nemethy-Filmer model, induced fit model. (05 Mar 2000) |
| additive model | A model in which the combined effect of several factors is the sum of the effects that would be produced by each of the factors in the absence of the others. (05 Mar 2000) |
| age-structured model | <epidemiology> A mathematical model which take into consideration the division of the host population into different age classes. Such models can used to consider the consequences of such factors as age-dependent infection, morbidity or mortality rates or of age-specific vaccination schedules. (05 Dec 1998) |
| animal model | Study in a population of laboratory animals that uses conditions of animals analogous to conditions of humans to simulate processes comparable to those that occur in human populations. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bingham model | A model representing the flow behaviour of a Bingham plastic, in the idealised case. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biomedical model | A conceptual model of illness that excludes psychological and social factors and includes only biological factors in an attempt to understand a person's medical illness or disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| biopsychosocial model | A conceptual model that assumes that psychological and social factors must also be included along with the biological in understanding a person's medical illness or disorder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| genetic model | A formalised conjecture about the behaviour of a heritable structure in which the component terms are intended to have literal interpretation as standard structures of empirical genetics. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mathematical model | <epidemiology> A formal framework to convey ideas about the components of a host-parasite interaction. Construction requires three major types of information: (a) a clear understanding of the interaction within the individual host between the infectious agent and the host, (b) the mode and rate of transmission between individuals, and (c) host population characteristics such as demography and behaviour. Mathematical models can aid exploration of the behaviour of the system under various conditions from which to determine the dominant factors generating observed patterns and phenomena. They also aid data collection and interpretation and parameter estimation, and provide tools for identifying possible approaches to control and for assessing the potential impact of different intervention measures. (05 Dec 1998) |
| catalytic model | <epidemiology> A (rather misleading name for a) type of compartmental model in which the force of infection is treated as a parameter to be estimated. (05 Dec 1998) |