| DPN | dermatosis papulosa nigra; diabetic polyneuropathy; diphosphopyridine nucleotide; disabling panscler... |
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| DPNH | reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide |
| GN | gaze nystagmus; glomerulonephritis; glucose nitrogen [ratio]; gnotobiote; graduate nurse; gram-negat... |
| GNAT | guanine nucleotide-binding protein, alpha-transducing |
| GNAZ | guanosine nucleotide-binding alpha Z polypeptide |
| receptors, cyclic AMP | Cell surface proteins that bind cyclic AMP with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes which influence the behaviour of cells. The best characterised cyclic AMP receptors are those of the slime mold dictyostelium discoideum. The transcription regulator cyclic AMP receptor protein of prokaryotes is not included nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins which are the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| cyclic | <chemistry> Pertaining to or occurring in a cycle or cycles, the term is applied to chemical compounds that contain a ring of atoms in the nucleus. Origin: Gr. Kyklikos (18 Nov 1997) |
| cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate synthetase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and ATP to cyclic 2,3-diphosphoglycerate and ADP and pi in the presence of mg+ Registry number: EC 4.6.1.- Synonym: cdpg synthetase (26 Jun 1999) |
| cyclic adenylic acid | An activator of phosphorylase kinase and an effector of other enzymes, formed in muscle from ATP by adenylate cyclase and broken down to 5'-AMP by a phosphodiesterase; sometimes referred to as the "second messenger." A related compound (2',3') is also known. Synonym: cyclic adenylic acid, cyclic AMP, cyclic phosphate. Acronym: cAMP (05 Mar 2000) |
| cyclic albuminuria | A functional albuminuria sometimes observed intermittently in cycles of 12 to 36 hours' duration, chiefly in younger persons; the degree of albuminuria is usually slight. Synonym: recurrent albuminuria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cyclic AMP | <molecular biology> 3'5' cyclic ester of AMP. The first second messenger hormone signalling system to be characterised. Generated from ATP by the action of adenyl cyclase that is coupled to hormone receptors by G-proteins (GTP-binding proteins). CAMP activates a specific (cAMP dependent) protein kinase and is inactivated by phosphodiesterase action giving 5'AMP. Also functions as an extracellular morphogen for some slime moulds. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase | Enzymes which attach phosphate groups to the serine or tyrosine amino acids on proteins as a means of regulating the proteins' activity in metabolic reactions. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that are dependent on cyclic AMP and catalyze the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues on proteins. Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic AMP receptor protein | A transcriptional regulator in prokaryotes which, when activated by binding cyclic AMP, acts at several promoters. Cyclic AMP receptor protein was originally identified as a catabolite gene activator protein. It was subsequently shown to regulate several functions unrelated to catabolism, and to be both a negative and a positive regulator of transcription. Cell surface cyclic AMP receptors are not included (cyclic AMP receptors), nor are the eukaryotic cytoplasmic cyclic AMP receptor proteins, which are the regulatory subunits of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic cmp | <chemical> Cytidine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). It is formed in mammalian tissue by the enzymatic conversion of cytidine triphosphate and may play a role in the bioregulation of proliferation of normal and malignant cells. Chemical name: Cytidine, cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate) (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic compound | Any compound in which the constituent atoms, or any part of them, form a ring. Used mainly in organic chemistry where: 1) numerous compound's contain rings of carbon atoms (carbocyclic compound's) or carbon atoms plus one or more atoms of other types (heterocyclic compound's), usually nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; 2) where the atoms in the ring are all of the same element (homocyclic or isocyclic compound); 3) where the ring is saturated or contains nonconjugated double bonds (alicyclic compound), the compound is similar in properties to the corresponding acyclic compound (e.g., cyclohexane resembles hexane); 4) where the ring contains conjugated double bonds in a closed loop in which there are 4n + 2 (where n is an integer) delocalised π electrons (Huckel's rule) (aromatic compound; e.g., benzene, pyridine), it is more stable than the corresponding saturated ring and exhibits unusual chemical properties characteristic of itself and not of other types of rings or of acyclic compound's. These aromatic compounds have the ability to sustain an induced ring current. Synonym: closed chain compound, ring compound. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cyclic esotropia | Periodic convergent strabismus often occurring every 48 hours. Synonym: alternate day strabismus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cyclic GMP | <molecular biology> 3'5' cyclic ester of GMP. A second messenger generated by guanylyl cyclase. See: ANP, Nitric oxide. (18 Nov 1997) |
| cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinases | <enzyme> A group of enzymes that are dependent on cyclic GMP and catalyses the phosphorylation of serine or threonine residues of proteins. Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| cyclic GMP sensitive 3'-exoribonuclease | <enzyme> Degradation of newly synthesised RNA in cells of bacillus brevis is mediated primarily by above enzyme Registry number: EC 3.1.14.- Synonym: cgmp-exoribonuclease (26 Jun 1999) |