| antigens, CD | <immunology> Differentiation antigens residing on human leukocytes. CD stands for cluster of differentiation, which refers to groups of monoclonal antibodies that show similiar reactivity with certain subpopulations of antigens. The subpopulations of antigens are also known by the same CD designation. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| antigens, CD1 | <immunology> Glycoproteins expressed on cortical thymocytes and on some dendritic cells and B-cells. Their structure is similar to that of MHC class I and their function has been postulated as similar also. Cd1 antigens are highly specific markers for human langerhans cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD11 | <immunology> A group of three different alpha chains (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c) that are associated with an invariant CD18 beta chain (antigens, CD18). The three resulting leukocyte-adhesion molecules (receptors, leukocyte adhesion) are lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, macrophage-1 antigen, and antigen, p150,95. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD13 | <enzyme, immunology> Glycoproteins expressed on human granulocyte-monocyte progenitor colony forming units (cfu-gm) and their more differentiated progeny. The enzymes are also found in a large number of tissues, often associated with membranes. Registry number: EC 3.4.11.2 (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD14 | <immunology> Glycolipid-anchored membrane glycoproteins expressed on cells of the myelomonocyte lineage including monocytes, macrophages, and some granulocytes. They function as receptors for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (lps) and lps-binding protein. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD15 | <immunology> Carbohydrate antigen which is accumulated in various human cancer tissues and secreted into the blood stream. The carbohydrate moiety can be further modified with fucose or sialic acid. Monoclonal antibodies have been determined which can discriminate each subgroup of this antigen in the sera of cancer patients. Sialyl ssea-1 antigen is particularly elevated in the sera of patients with a variety of tumours. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD18 | <immunology> Cell-surface glycoprotein beta-chains that are non-covalently linked to specific alpha-chains of the CD11 family of leukocyte-adhesion molecules (receptors, leukocyte-adhesion). A defect in the gene encoding CD18 causes leukocyte-adhesion deficiency syndrome. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD19 | <immunology> Differentiation antigens expressed on B-lymphocytes and B-cell precursors. They are involved in regulation of B-cell proliferation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD2 | <immunology> Glycoprotein members of the immunoglobulin superfamily which participate in T-cell adhesion and activation. They are expressed on most peripheral T-lymphocytes, natural killer cells, and thymocytes, and function as co-receptors or accessory molecules in the T-cell receptor complex. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD20 | <immunology> Unglycosylated phosphoproteins expressed only on B-cells. They are regulators of transmembrane calcium conductance and thought to play a role in B-cell activation and proliferation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD26 | <enzyme, immunology> Cell-surface glycoproteins and serine protease, also known as dipeptidyl-peptidase IV, that play a role in t-lymphocyte activation. Cd26 binds to adenosine deaminase on the T-cell surface. Registry number: EC 3.4.14.5 (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD27 | <immunology> Dimeric membrane glycoproteins found on most T-lymphocytes. Activation of T-cells by the antigen receptor increases CD27 surface expression. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD28 | <immunology> T-cell differentiation antigens that serve as the receptors for the b7 antigen (antigens, CD80) which modulates T-cell lymphokine production. (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD29 | <immunology> Integrin beta-1 chains which are expresssed as heterodimers noncovalently associated with specific alpha-chains of the CD49 family (CD49a-f). Cd29 is expressed on resting and activated leukocytes and is a marker for total very late activation antigens on cells. (barclay et al., the leukocyte antigen factsbook, 1993, p164) (12 Dec 1998) |
| antigens, CD3 | <immunology> A complex of at least five membrane-bound polypeptides in mature T-lymphocytes that are non-covalently associated with one another and with the T-cell receptor (receptors, antigen, T-cell). The CD3 complex includes the gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta, and eta chains (subunits). When antigen binds to the T-cell receptor, the CD3 complex transduces the activating signals to the cytoplasm of the T-cell. The CD3 gamma and delta chains (subunits) are separate from and not related to the gamma/delta chains of the T-cell receptor (receptors, antigen, T-cell, gamma-delta). (12 Dec 1998) |