| CDT | carbohydrate-deficient transferrin; carbon dioxide therapy; Certified Dental Technician; children's ... |
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| CPTN | culture-positive toxin-negative |
| CPTP | culture-positive toxin-positive |
| DTA | differential thermal analysis; diphtheria toxin A |
| DTN | diphtheria toxin, normal |
| toxin | <pharmacology> A poison, frequently used to refer specifically to a protein produced by some higher plants, certain animals and pathogenic bacteria, which is highly toxic for other living organisms. Such substances are differentiated from the simple chemical poisons and the vegetable alkaloids by their high molecular weight and antigenicity. Origin: Gr toxikon = arrow poison, from Gr. Toxikos = of or for a bow (18 Nov 1997) |
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| toxin spectrum | A figure in the form of a spectrum used by Ehrlich to represent the neutralizing power of antitoxin in the presence of toxin, toxone, etc. (05 Mar 2000) |
| erythrogenic toxin | <protein> Toxin produced by strains of Streptococcus pyogenes responsible for scarlet fever. Three antigenic variants of the toxin are known. It is a small protein that is complexed with hyaluronic acid and can intensify the effects of other toxins such as endotoxin and streptolysin O. (18 Nov 1997) |
| extracellular toxin | <protein> Toxin released from gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria as opposed to endotoxins that form part of the cell wall. Examples are cholera, pertussis and diphtheria toxins. Usually specific and highly toxic. (18 Nov 1997) |
| acetoacetyl-CoA reductase | An oxidoreductase catalyzing interconversion of a 3-oxoacyl-CoA and NADPH, and the corresponding d-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, and NADP+. A step in fatty acid synthesis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acetohexamide reductase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of acetohexamide to (-)-hydroxyhexamide Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| acryloyl-CoA reductase | <enzyme> Clostridium kluyveri enzyme; contains fmn, ferredoxin, and flavodoxin; can act as electron donors Registry number: EC 1.3.99.- Synonym: acryloyo-coenzyme a reductase (26 Jun 1999) |
| aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of the dialdehydic form of aflatoxin b1-dihydrodiol to the dialcohol form Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- Synonym: aflatoxin b1-aldehyde reductase, afb1-ar (26 Jun 1999) |
| aflatoxin B1 reductase | <enzyme> Reduces the cyclopentenone ring of aflatoxin b1 to aflatoxicol; requires NADPH as cofactor Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| aflatoxin G2a reductase | <enzyme> Has broad substrate specificity in cell-free extracts from aspergillus parasiticus; versicolorin a hemiacetal is reduced to versicolorin c; 17-hydroxy-16,17-dihydrosterigmatocystin is reduced to a 14,17-hydrated derivative; aflatoxin g2a is converted to a 13,16-hydrated derivative of afg2 Registry number: EC 1.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| aldehyde reductase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the oxidation of an aldose to an alditol. It possesses broad specificity for many aldoses. Chemical name: Alditol:NAD(P)+ 1-oxidoreductase Registry number: EC 1.1.1.21 (12 Dec 1998) |
| aldose reductase | A polyol dehydrogenase (NADP+);an oxidoreductase that reversibly converts aldoses to alditols (e.g., glucose to sorbitol) with NADPH as hydrogen donor. An important step in the metabolism of sorbitol and in the formation of diabetic cataracts. See: d-sorbitol-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aldose reductase inhibitor | <pharmacology> A class of drugs being studied as a way to prevent eye and nerve damage in people with diabetes. Aldose reductase is an enzyme that is normally present in the eye and in many other parts of the body. It helps change glucose (sugar) into a sugar alcohol called sorbitol. Too much sorbitol trapped in eye and nerve cells can damage these cells, leading to retinopathy and neuropathy. Drugs that prevent or slow (inhibit) the action of aldose reductase are being studied as a way to prevent or delay these complications of diabetes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| alkyl hydroperoxide reductase | <enzyme> Reduces an alkyl hydroperoxide to the corresponding alcohol in the presence of NADPH; ahpc gene product from salmonella typhimurium Registry number: EC 1.- Synonym: ahpc gene product, alkylhydroperoxide reductase, ahpf gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| alpha,beta-ketoalkene reductase | <enzyme> Nadh is much less effective than NADPH; catalyses the reduction of the carbon-carbon double bond of five membered ring cpds which have two conjugated carbonyl groups on both sides of a double bond Registry number: EC 1.3.1.- Synonym: n-ethylmaleimide reducing enzyme, NADPH-linked alpha,beta-ketoalkene double bond reductase, n-ethylmaleimide reductase (26 Jun 1999) |