| glutamate dehydrogenase (NADP+) | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of l-glutamate, h2o, and NADP+ to 2-oxoglutarate, nh3, and NADPH. Chemical name: L-Glutamate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (deaminating) Registry number: EC 1.4.1.4 (12 Dec 1998) |
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| glutamate dehydrogenases | Enzymes that catalyze the reaction of l-glutamate, H2O, and NAD+ (or NADP+ in some cases) producing alpha-ketoglutarate (2-oxoglutarate), ammonia, and NADH; in mammals, this is the prime contributor to oxidative deamination. Synonym: glutamic acid dehydrogenases. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamate formiminotransferase | <enzyme> Also catalyses formyl transfer from 5-formyltetrahydrofolate to l-glutamate (reaction formerly listed as EC 2.1.2.6) Registry number: EC 2.1.2.5 Synonym: formimino-l-glutamate tetrahydrofolate 5-formiminotransferase, formimino transferase, formiminotetrahydrofolate transferase, glutamate formyltransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate gamma-saemialdehyde | -OOCCH(NH3)+CH2CH2C HO;an intermediate in l-proline and l-ornithine metabolism; becomes elevated in type II hyperprolinaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| glutamate permease | <chemical> (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate racemase | <enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of l-glutamate to d-glutamate; muri protein was isolated from e. Coli Registry number: EC 5.1.1.3 Synonym: muri protein, muri gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate receptor | <physiology> See amino acid receptor superfamily. Glutamate receptors are implicated in many important brain functions including long-term potentiation (LTP). at least 4 major glutamate gated ion channel subtypes are presently distinguished on pharmacological grounds, named after their most selective agonists: N methyl D aspartate (NMDA implicated in memory and learning, neuronal cell death, ischaemia and epilepsy), kainic acid (KA), quisqualate/AMPA and L 2 amino 4 phosphobutyrate (APB). A fifth subtype (APCD) trans 1 amino cyclopentane 1,3 dicarboxylate is a G-protein coupled receptor. (18 Nov 1997) |
| glutamate-saemialdehyde dehydrogenase | <enzyme> Converts 5-glutamyl phosphate to glutamate 5-saemialdehyde in the presence of NADPH; see also glutamic-gamma-saemialdehyde dehydrogenase which catalyses the oxidation of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate to l-glutamate in the presence of nad Registry number: EC 1.2.1.41 Synonym: beta-glutamylphosphate reductase, glutamate 5-saemialdehyde dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamylphosphate reductase, proa gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate synthase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the formation of 2 molecules of glutamate from glutamine plus alpha-ketoglutarate in the presence of NADPH. Chemical name: L-Glutamate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (transaminating) Registry number: EC 1.4.1.13 (12 Dec 1998) |
| glutamate translocase | <chemical> Do not confuse with glut-1 protein Chemical name: translocase, glutamate Synonym: glutamate transporter, glutamate transport glycoprotein, glua protein, glub protein, gluc protein, glud protein, slc1a3 glutamate transporter, glast protein, glut-1 glutamate transporter, glt-1 protein, glast, glast-1, eaat-1, glutamate-aspartate transporter (26 Jun 1999) |
| glutamate-trna ligase | <enzyme> An enzyme that activates glutamic acid with its specific transfer RNA. Chemical name: L-Glutamate:tRNA(Glu) ligase (AMP-forming) Registry number: EC 6.1.1.17 (12 Dec 1998) |
| monosodium glutamate | <chemical> A commonly used flavour enhancer in food (common in Chinese food). Some people can develop a hypersensitivity to MSG. See: Chinese restaurant syndrome. (27 Sep 1997) |
| component E, glutamate mutase | <chemical> The large subunit of glutamate mutase; from clostridium tetanomorphum; has 485 amino acid residues; mw 53,708 da; has been sequenced Synonym: mute gene product, clostridium, mute protein, clostridium (26 Jun 1999) |
| component S, glutamate mutase | <chemical> Component s of the coenzyme b12-dependent glutamate mutase from clostridium cochlearium; mw 15 kD; amino acid sequence given in first source Synonym: glms gene product, muts gene product (clostridium) (26 Jun 1999) |
| sodium glutamate | <chemical> L-glutamic acid, sodium salt. An additive used to impart meat flavor to foods, and to enhance other natural food flavors. Medically it has been used to reduce blood ammonia levels in ammoniacal azotemia, therapy of hepatic coma, in psychosis, and mental retardation. Pharmacological action: food additives. Chemical name: L-Glutamic acid, monosodium salt (12 Dec 1998) |