| 영문 | nuclear medicine | 한글 | 핵의학 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 방사성을 띠는 핵물질을 이용하여 의학에 응용하는 학문. 대개 인체에 큰 해가 없는 방사선물질을 사용하며, 반감기가 짧아 사용후에도 큰 해가 없다. 이런 핵의학적 물질을 이용한 핵의학적 진단의 가장 큰 장점은 생체내에서 일어나는 그 기관의 실제적인 기능을 알아볼 수 있다는 데 있다. 흔히 접하는 X-선을 이용한 진단방법은 단지 그 순간만의 영상을 접하여 실제로 보이는 부위가 얼마나 기능을 수행하는지 알 수 없는 단점이 있으나, 핵의학에서는 실제적인 기능의 정도에 따라 영상이 나오게 되므로 기능판별에 아주 유리하다. 하지만, 정확한 판별력이 있는 영상을 얻기에는 부족하다. 또한 핵의학은 진단외의 치료에도 사용되는데, 예를 들어 갑상샘종양의 경우 여러 곳에 이미 전이가 되어 있을 경우 방사선핵종을 이용하여 다른 곳에 큰 부작용없이 치료가 가능하다. |
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naso-oral
| graphic formula | A formula in which the connections of the atoms and groups of atoms, as well as their kind and number, are indicated. Synonym: constitutional formula, graphic formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| Christison's formula | A formula to determine the number of grams of urinary solids per liter, obtained by multiplying 2.33 by the last two figures of the specific gravity of the urine. Synonym: Christison's formula, Trapp's formula, Trapp-Haser formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Runeberg's formula | A formula for estimating the percentage of albumin in a serous fluid, similar to Reuss' formula except that, instead of 2.8, 2.73 is subtracted in the instance of a transudate, and 2.88 in that of an inflammatory exudate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| molecular formula | In chemistry, a formula indicating the kind and number of atoms in the molecules of a substance, or its composition, but not the relation of the atoms to each other or the intimate structure of the molecule. Synonym: molecular formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Pignet's formula | See: Black's formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| constitutional formula | A formula in which the connections of the atoms and groups of atoms, as well as their kind and number, are indicated. Synonym: constitutional formula, graphic formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Poisson-Pearson formula | A formula to determine the statistical error in calculating the endemic index of malaria: let N = total number of children under 15 years in a locality; n = total number examined for the spleen-rate; x = number found with enlarged spleen; (x/n)100 = spleen-rate; e% = percentage of error; the percentage error will be, by this formula: (05 Mar 2000) |
| Hamilton-Stewart formula | Formula to calculate cardiac output after intravenous indicator dye injection; blood flow in liters per minute is given by dividing the amount of injectant in milligrams by the product of the average dye concentration in the initial curve of the dye concentration sampled at a given point in the circulation and multiplied by the dose of dye (in milligrams) to write the curve from appearance to disappearance (in the absence of any recirculation). Synonym: Hamilton-Stewart formula, Stewart-Hamilton method. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Haser's formula | A formula to determine the number of grams of urinary solids per liter, obtained by multiplying 2.33 by the last two figures of the specific gravity of the urine. Synonym: Christison's formula, Trapp's formula, Trapp-Haser formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Haworth conformational formula | <biochemistry> Of cyclic sugars, for the pyranoses, these depict those shapes (conformations) on which none, one, or two ring-atoms lie outside the plane of the ring. If there are two such atoms para to each other, they can lie 1) on opposite sides of the plane (trans), giving chair forms, or 2) on the same side of the plane (cis), giving boat forms. For beta-d-ribopyranose, the two chair forms (4C1 and 1C4) are depicted. Similarly, there are six boat conformations. If the two (trans) exoplanar atoms are meta to each other, the conformation is a skew form; if the two atoms are ortho to each other, the conformation is a half-chair form. For the furanoses, the envelope conformations have one ring-atom exoplanar. If there are three adjacent, coplanar ring-atoms (the two exoplanar ring-atoms on opposite sides of the plane), the conformations are twist forms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Haworth perspective formula | <biochemistry> Of cyclic sugars, perspective representations of furanose or pyranose structures as pentagons or hexagons, respectively, with the connecting bonds so shaded as to make them appear as though the plane of the ring is at an angle of 30 |
| spatial formula | A chemical formula in which the arrangement of the atoms or atomic groupings in space are indicated. Synonym: spatial formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stereochemical formula | A chemical formula in which the arrangement of the atoms or atomic groupings in space are indicated. Synonym: spatial formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| structural formula | A formula in which the connections of the atoms and groups of atoms, as well as their kind and number, are indicated. Synonym: constitutional formula, graphic formula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Demoivre's formula | An obsolete formula for calculating life expectancy. (05 Mar 2000) |