| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
||
| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| 영문 | squamous cell carcinoma | 한글 | 편평세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 편평세포 기원의 암으로서, 편평세포가 있는 어떤 곳에서든 발생가능함. 따라서 식도암, 피부암, 폐암, 자궁암 등이 여기에 해당된다. 특히 피부암은 많은 자외선조사에 의해 생기는 광선각화증에서 발생가능하다. 병리조직학적 특성으로서 각질을 생성한다. |
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| ras | retrovirus-associated DNA sequence |
|---|---|
| recon | the smallest unit of DNA capable of recombination [recombination + Gr. on quantum] |
| ss(c)DNA | single-stranded circular deoxyribonucleic acid |
| ssDNA | single-stranded DNA |
| Z-DNA | zig-zag (left-handed helical) deoxyribonucleic acid |
| circular DNA | <molecular biology> C.f. Linear DNA. Examples: plasmids, bacterial, mitochondrial, chloroplast and some viral genomes. (18 Nov 1997) |
|---|---|
| MIP1 DNA polymerase | <enzyme> From saccharomyces cerevisiae; has structural similarity with the E coli DNA polymerase i-type enzymes Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- Synonym: mip1 gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| cloning, DNA | The use of DNA manipulation procedures to produce multiple copies of a single gene or segment of DNA. (12 Dec 1998) |
| molecules, recombinant DNA | A combination of DNA molecules of different origin that are joined using recombinant DNA technology. (12 Dec 1998) |
| competitor DNA | DNA from a test organism that is denatured and then used in in vitro hybridization experiments in which it competes with DNA (homologous) from a reference organism; used to determine the relationship of the test organism to the reference organism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| complementary DNA | <molecular biology> DNA that is synthesised from a messenger RNA template, the single-stranded form is often used as a probe in physical mapping to locate the gene or can be cloned in the double stranded form. Viral reverse transcriptase can be used to synthesise DNA that is complementary to RNA (for example an isolated mRNA). Acronym: cDNA (13 Nov 1997) |
| complementary DNA cloning | <molecular biology, technique> A lab technique where a double-stranded cDNA molecule (or dscDNA) is inserted into a cloning vector (another DNA molecule which will continue to be capable of replication after insertion of foreign material), so that the gene encoded by the cDNA can be expressed (transcribed and used) or so many copies of the gene can be made. (09 Oct 1997) |
| complementary DNA library | <molecular biology> A collection of all of the mRNA molecules present in a cell or organism, all turned into cDNA molecules with the enzyme reverse transcriptase, then inserted into vectors (other DNA molecules which can continue to replicate after addition of foreign DNA). The library can then be probed for the specific cDNA (and thus mRNA) of interest. (09 Oct 1997) |
| polymerase, DNA | Enzyme that catalyses (speeds) the polymerization of DNA. DNA polymerase uses preexisting nucleic acid templates and assembles the DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. (12 Dec 1998) |
| polymerase, DNA or RNA | Enzymes that catalyse the synthesis of nucleic acids on pre-existing nucleic acid templates, assembling RNA from ribonucleotides or DNA from deoxyribonucleotides. (05 Mar 2000) |
| covalently closed circular DNA | <molecular biology> A circular molecule of double-stranded DNA which is supercoiled, or coiled up on itself due to internal tensions, because there are no breaks in the phosphate backbone (upon which the nucleotide bases are mounted) to relieve the tensions and allow it to form an open circle. (09 Oct 1997) |
| cytosine-DNA glycosidase | <enzyme> Acts on uv-irradiated DNA at modified cytosine residues which are not pyrimidine dimers Registry number: EC 3.2.2.- Synonym: cytosine-DNA glycosylase (26 Jun 1999) |
| hemimethylated DNA | <molecular biology> Duplex DNA where only one of the two strands are methylated and is important for regulating and protecting DNA. (13 Nov 1997) |
| satellite DNA | <molecular biology> DNA, usually containing highly repetitive sequences, that has a base composition (and thus density) sufficiently different from that of normal DNA that it sediments as a distinct band in caesium chloride density gradients. (18 Nov 1997) |
| herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase | <enzyme> 3'-5'-exonuclease activity is associated with herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase; interacts with hsv-1 ul42 protein Registry number: EC 3.1.11.- Synonym: hsv DNA polymerase, polymerase associated exonuclease, herpes simplex virus 1 ul30 polymerase, hsv-1 ul30 protein, DNA polymerase ul30, hsv-1 (26 Jun 1999) |