| citrobacter freundii | A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria found in man and other animals including mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. Its organisms have also been isolated from soil and water as well as from clinical specimens such as urine, throat, sputum, blood, and wound swabs as an opportunistic pathogen. (12 Dec 1998) |
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| Citrobacter koseri | A species found in faeces, soil, water, sewage, and food; isolated from urine, throat, nose, sputum, and wounds; reported in cases of neonatal meningitis. Synonym: Citrobacter koseri, Levinea diversus, Levinea malonatica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citrogenase | Citrate (si)-synthase;an enzyme catalyzing the condensation of oxaloacetate, water, and acetyl-CoA, forming citrate and coenzyme A; an important step in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Synonym: citrogenase, condensing enzyme, oxaloacetate transacetase. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citronella | Cymbopogon (Andropogon) nardus (family Gramineae); a fragrant grass of Ceylon, from which is distilled a volatile oil (c. Oil) used as a perfume and insect repellent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citronellal | Principal volatile ingredient of lemon grass and citronella oil. Used in soap perfumes and as an insect repellent. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citrovorum factor | N5Formyl-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid;the active form of folic acid which acts as a formyl group carrier in transformylation reactions; the calcium salt, leucovorin calcium, has therapeutic use. Synonym: citrovorum factor, leucovorin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citruline | <amino acid> Is synthesised in the body from ornithine by the addition of carbon dioxide and ammonia and is a precursor of arginine. It is found primarily in the liver and is a major component of the urea cycle. Therapeutically it is used for the detoxification of ammonia, a byproduct of protein breakdown and in the treatment of fatigue. It is also thought to stimulate the immune system. Onions and garlic contain an abundance of citruline. (22 May 1997) |
| citrullinaemia | A disease of amino acid metabolism (usually classed as a type of aminoaciduria) in which citrulline concentrations in blood, urine, and cerebrospinal fluid are elevated; manifested clinically by vomiting, ammonia intoxication, and mental retardation beginning in infancy; autosomal recessive inheritance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citrulline | <chemical> Chemical name: L-Ornithine, N5-(aminocarbonyl)- (12 Dec 1998) |
| citrullinuria | Enhanced urinary excretion of citrulline; a manifestation of citrullinaemia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| citrus | Any tree or shrub of the rue family or the fruit of these plants. (12 Dec 1998) |
| cittosis | Craving for unusual or unwholesome foods during pregnancy. See: pica. Synonym: citta, cittosis. Origin: G. Kissa, kitta, longing for strange food by pregnant women (05 Mar 2000) |
| city planning | Comprehensive planning for the physical development of the city. (12 Dec 1998) |