| 영문 | blood gas | 한글 | 혈액가스, 혈액기체 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액 속에 용해되어 있는 산소, 이산화탄소, 질소 따위의 기체. 혈액의 산성-염기성의 정도를 측정할 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | blood test | 한글 | 혈액검사 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액형이나 질병 유무 따위를 알기 위하여 피를 뽑아 행하는 검사. 몸 전체의 장기나 조직에 병터가 있으면 이들 성분에 변화가 있게 되어 진단에 큰 도움을 준다. |
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| 영문 | blood-brain barrier | 한글 | 혈액뇌장벽 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 혈액으로부터 뇌로는 지질용해성이 높은 약물밖에 이행되지 않는다. 수용성의 약물을 뇌로 이행되지 않게 하고 있는 것이 혈액뇌장벽이며 뇌의 모세혈관 내피세포, 모세혈관 주위의 세포가 장벽이 되고 있다. 물질교환은 수동확산에 의해 이루어지지만, 뇌의 생리적 활동에 필요한 물질은 이온형이라도 담체를 통해 이행된다. |
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| 영문 | blood volume | 한글 | 혈액량 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 체내에 존재하는 혈액의 총량으로서, 보통 리터 또는 체중 1kg에 대하여 리터수로 표시한다. |
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| 영문 | blood urea nitrogen | 한글 | 혈액요소질소 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 요소는 아미노산의 탈아미노에 의해 생긴 암노니아와 탄산가스로부터 간에서 합성된다. 혈중에서는 혈장과 혈구의 물성분 안에 함유되어 있다. 혈액요소질소는 콩팥토리에서 여과되며 일부 요세관에서 재흡수되고, 나머지가 오줌중에 배설된다. 따라서 혈액요소질소는 콩팥기능의 저하에 따라 증가되지만, 식사단백질 섭취량, 조직붕괴, 위장관 출혈 등과 탈수 등 순환혈액량의 이상으로 변동된다. |
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| dental pump | saliva ejector |
|---|---|
| insulin pump | A device that delivers a continuous supply of insulin into the body. The insulin flows from the pump through a plastic tube that is connected to a needle inserted into the body and taped in place. Insulin is delivered at two rates: a low, steady rate (called the basal rate) for continuous day-long coverage, and extra boosts of insulin (called bolus doses) to cover meals or when extra insulin is needed. The pump runs on batteries and can be worn clipped to a belt or carried in a pocket. It is used by people with insulin-dependent diabetes. (09 Oct 1997) |
| intra-aortic balloon pump | <cardiology, equipment> A device which is threaded into the aorta that augments the strength of the hearts contraction. The counter pulsation, produced by the inflation of a balloon within the aorta, provides an rhythmic increase in aortic pressures. The net effect is an increase in coronary artery blood flow. Intra-aortic balloon pump is a temporary lifesaving measure that is used to treat severe cardiac damage due to a massive heart attack. (27 Sep 1997) |
| ion pump | A membranal complex of proteins that is capable of transporting ions against a concentration gradient using the energy from ATP. (05 Mar 2000) |
| electrogenic pump | <physiology> Ion pump that generates net charge flow as a result of its activity. The sodium potassium exchange pump transports two potassium ions inward across the cell membrane for each three sodiums transported outward. This produces a net outward current that contributes to the internal negativity of the cell. (05 Jan 1998) |
| jet ejector pump | A suction pump in which fluid under high pressure is forced through a nozzle into an abruptly larger tube where a high velocity jet, at a low pressure in accordance with Bernoulli's law, entrains gas or liquid from a side tube opening just beyond the end of the nozzle to create suction; e.g., the pump by which steam is used to evacuate an autoclave, a water aspirator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| force pump | <machinery> A pump having a solid piston, or plunger, for drawing and forcing a liquid, as water, through the valves; in distinction from a pump having a bucket, or valved piston. A pump adapted for delivering water at a considerable height above the pump, or under a considerable pressure; in distinction from one which lifts the water only to the top of the pump or delivers it through a spout. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| ABO blood group | <haematology> The major human blood type system which describes the oligosaccharide glycoprotein antigens found on the surface of human blood cells. According to the type of antigen present, a person may be assigned a blood type of A, B, AB or O. A second type of antigen, the Rh factor, renders a positive or negative blood type. The ABO blood group system is important because it determines who can donate blood to or accept blood from whom. Type A or AB blood will cause an immune reaction in people with type B blood and type B and AB blood will cause a reaction in people with type A blood. Conversely, type O blood has no A or B antigens, so people with type O blood are universal donors. And since AB blood already produces both antigens, people who are type AB can accept any of the other blood types without suffering an immune reaction. (04 Jul 1999) |
| Almen's test for blood | Glacial acetic acid, gum guaiac solution, and hydrogen peroxide are added to an aqueous suspension of the suspected stain; if occult blood or blood pigment is present, a blue colour develops. Synonym: guaiac test, Schonbein's test, van Deen's test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arterial blood | Blood that is oxygenated in the lungs, found in the left chambers of the heart and in the arteries, and relatively bright red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arterial blood gas | A test which analyses arterial blood for oxygen, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate content in addition to blood pH. Used to test the effectiveness of respiration. Acronym: ABG (17 Oct 1997) |
| blood | <haematology> Considered a circulating tissue composed of a fluid portion (plasma) with suspended formed elements (red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets). Arterial blood is the means by which oxygen and nutrients are transported to tissues, venous blood is the means by which carbon dioxide and metabolic by-products are transported for excretion. (05 Jan 1998) |
| blood agar | <cell culture> An agar-based medium which hasbeen enriched with sterilised, defibinated blood (sheep, rabbit or horse). It is used for primary plating andsubculturing, especially to determine bacterial haemolysis. (09 Oct 1997) |
| blood-air barrier | The barrier between capillary blood and alveolar air comprising the alveolar epithelium and capillary endothelium with their adherent basement membranes and epithelial cell cytoplasm. Gaseous exchange occurs across this membrane. (12 Dec 1998) |
| blood albumin | <protein> The serum level of the low molecular protein albumin. Albumin, produced by the liver, plays an important role in maintaining plasma oncotic pressure. Normal serum albumin should be 3.5-5.0 grams per decilitre. Low serum albumin can be found in cases of liver disease and malnutrition. (27 Sep 1997) |