| 영문 | nucleic acid | 한글 | 핵산 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 염기, 당, 인산으로 이루어진 뉴클레오티드가 긴 사슬 모양으로 중합된 고분자 물질. 유전이나 단백질 합성을 지배하는 중요한 물질로, 생물의 증식을 비롯한 생명 활동 유지에 중요한 작용을 한다. 구성 당인 오탄당이 리보오스인 리보핵산과 디옥시리보오스인 디옥시리보 핵산으로 나뉜다. 펜토스로서 리보스나 데옥시리보스 어느 한쪽만을 포함하며 전자를 리보핵산(RNA), 후자를 데옥시리보핵산(deoxyribonucleic acid, DNA)이라 부른다. 모두 4종류의 유기염기에 의해 특징지어지며 아데닌, 구아닌 및 시토신은 양자에 공통이다. 티민은 DNA에, 우라실은 RNA에 포함된다. DNA는 주로 핵에 존재하며 형질유전에 그리고 RNA는 세포질속에서 단백질 합성에 관여한다. 섭취된 핵산은 소화관에서 구성분자로까지 가수분해되어 흡수된다. |
||
| H and E | hematoxylin and eosin [stain] |
|---|---|
| HE | half-scan with extrapolation; hard exudate; hektoen enteric [agar]; hemagglutinating encephalomyelit... |
| H&E | hematoxylin and eosin [stain]; hemorrhage and exudate; heredity and environment |
| HES | health examination survey; hematoxylin-eosin stain; human embryonic skin; human embryonic spleen; hy... |
| LFB | luxol fast blue [stain] |
| Best's carmine stain | <technique> A method for the demonstration of glycogen in tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Bielschowsky's stain | <technique> A method of treating tissues with silver nitrate to demonstrate reticular fibres, neurofibrils, axons, and dendrites. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Biondi-Heidenhain stain | <technique> An obsolete stain for spirochetes, using acid fuchsin and orange G. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Birch-Hirschfeld stain | <technique> An obsolete stain for demonstrating amyloid, using Bismarck brown and crystal violet; amyloid is usually stained a bright ruby red, whereas the cytoplasm of cells is not stained and nuclei are brown. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Borrel's blue stain | <technique> A stain for demonstrating spirochetes, treponemes, and Borrelia organisms, using silver oxide (prepared by means of mixing solutions of silver nitrate and sodium bicarbonate) and methylene blue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Bowie's stain | <technique> A stain for juxtaglomerular granules in which the kidney sections are stained in a mixture of Biebrich scarlet red and ethyl violet; juxtaglomerular granules and elastic fibres are stained a deep purple, erythrocytes are amber, and background tissue appears in shades of red. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Brown-Brenn stain | <technique> A method for differential staining of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in tissue sections; it utilises a modified Gram stain of crystal violet, Gram's iodine, and basic fuchsin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Cajal's astrocyte stain | <technique> A method for demonstrating astrocytes by impregnation in a solution containing gold chloride and mercuric chloride. (05 Mar 2000) |
| carbol-thionin stain | <technique> A stain useful for demonstrating typhoid bacilli in films and sections, and for Nissl substance. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Macchiavello's stain | <technique> A basic fuchsin-citric acid-methylene blue sequence in smears which produces red staining of rickettsiae and inclusion bodies, with nuclei staining blue. (05 Mar 2000) |
| MacNeal's tetrachrome blood stain | <technique> A stain for blood smears comprised of a mixture of methylene blue, azure A, methylene violet, and eosin Y. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Padykula-Herman stain | <technique> For myosin ATPase, a technique similar to that of Gomori's non-specific alkaline phosphatase stain, except that incubation is carried out with ATP as the substrate at pH 9.4 in the absence of Mg++; enzyme activity is demonstrated as blackened deposits in the A band of striated muscle sarcomeres; control tissue sections lacking substrate and containing sulfhydryl inhibitors are necessary. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Paget-Eccleston stain | <technique> An aldehyde-thionin-PAS-orange G staining technique modified to identify seven different cell types in the anterior pituitary gland. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Ermengen's stain | <technique> A method for staining flagella which utilises glacial acetic acid, osmic acid, tannic acid, silver nitrate, gallic acid, and potassium acetate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| van Gieson's stain | <technique> A mixture of acid fuchsin in saturated picric acid solution, used in collagen staining. (05 Mar 2000) |