| pivot shift test | A manoeuvre to detect a deficiency of the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee; when the knee is extended, a sudden subluxation of the lateral tibial condyle upon the distal femur is positive. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| P-K test | A test for the presence of immediate hypersensitivity in humans; test serum from an atopic individual is injected intradermally into a normal subject; the normal subject is challenged 24-48 hours later with the antigen suspected of causing the immediate hypersensitivity reaction in the atopic individual. Synonym: P-K test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Morner's test | For cysteine, which gives a brilliant purple colour with sodium nitroprusside; for tyrosine, which gives a green colour on boiling with sulfuric acid containing formaldehyde. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Wheeler-Johnson test | Cystosine or uracil when treated with bromine yields dialuric acid which gives a green colour with excess of barium hydroxide. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Moschcowitz test | Demonstration of lower limb ischemia by occlusion of the arterial circulation for five minutes with a tourniquet or Esmarch bandage. Following release, skin colour normally will return in a few seconds; with arterial obstruction (e.g., arteriosclerotic) colour returns more slowly. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Mosenthal test | An infrequently used test to evaluate renal concentrating ability by measuring the density of urine every two hours during the ingestion of a controlled diet. (05 Mar 2000) |
| motility test | A test based on microscopic observation or on the spread of growth in soft agar, used to determine if a microorganism is motile. (05 Mar 2000) |
| motility test medium | A culture medium with a concentration of agar that produces a less solid consistency than usual and allows motile organisms to grow away from the line of inoculation; used to differentiate species of bacteria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Motulsky dye reduction test | A test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the blood, using a mixture of brilliant cresyl blue, glucose-6-phosphate, and NADP. (05 Mar 2000) |
| widal test | <investigation> A test involving agglutination of typhoid bacilli when they are mixed with serum containing typhoid antibodies from an individual having typhoid fever, used to detect the presence of Salmonella typhi and s. Paratyphi. Pronounced: vidal (13 Nov 1997) |
| complementation-fixation test | <investigation> A test for the presence of antibodies in a serum, based on whether an antigen and complement, when put together with some red blood cells, are able to destroy them. If the red blood cells are destroyed, then antibodies were not present to prevent it. If the red blood cells are not destroyed, then antibodies were present to combine with the antigen and bind the complement, making them unable to attack the red blood cells. (09 Oct 1997) |
| complement-fixation test | An immunological test for determining the presence of a particular antigen or antibody when one of the two is known to be present, based on the fact that complement is "fixed" in the presence of antigen and its specific antibody. See: Bordet-Gengou phenomenon. (05 Mar 2000) |
| plasmacrit test | A serologic screening method used as an aid in the diagnosis of syphilis; after only a few drops of heparinised blood (obtained from a pricked finger) are collected in a special capillary tube, the capillary tube is centrifugated in order to collect plasma, which is then mixed with a 0.01-ml drop of antigen (cardiolipin previously treated with choline chloride as an anti-inhibitor, in order to avoid falsely negative results that may occur with nonheated plasma or serum). After mechanically agitating the antigen-plasma mixture for 4 min, the presence or absence of flocculation is observed. A positive result should not be regarded as conclusively diagnostic, but a negative result excludes the likelihood of syphilis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| mucin clot test | A test that reflects the polymerization of synovial fluid hyaluronate; a few drops of synovial fluid added to acetic acid form a clot; poor clot formation occurs in a variety of inflammatory conditions including septic arthritis, gouty arthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Synonym: Ropes test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| platelet aggregation test | A test of the ability of platelets to adhere to each other and hence form a haemostatic plug to prevent bleeding; failure to aggregate occurs in several conditions, e.g., thrombasthenia, Von Willebrand's disease, and following administration of aspirin, phenylbutazone, and indomethacin; the test is conducted by quantitating the decrease in turbidity that occurs in platelet-rich plasma following the in vitro addition of one or several platelet-aggregating agents (e.g., ADP, epinephrine, or serotonin). (05 Mar 2000) |