| musculus orbitopalpebralis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, orbital surface of the lesser wing of the sphenoid, above and anterior to the optic canal; insertion, skin of eyelid, tarsal plate, and orbital walls, by medial and lateral expansions of the aponeurosis of insertion; action, raises the upper eyelid; nerve supply, oculomotor. Synonym: musculus levator palpebrae superioris, elevator muscle of upper eyelid, musculus orbitopalpebralis, palpebralis. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| musculus palatoglossus | <anatomy> Forms anterior pillar of tonsillar fossa; origin, oral surface of soft palate; insertion, side of tongue; action, raises back of tongue and narrows fauces; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus palatoglossus, glossopalatinus, musculus glossopalatinus, palatoglossus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus palatopharyngeus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, soft palate; forms the posterior pillar of the fauces or tonsillar fossa; insertion, posterior border of thyroid cartilage and aponeurosis of pharynx; action, narrows fauces, depresses soft palate, elevates pharynx and larynx; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus palatopharyngeus, musculus pharyngopalatinus, palatopharyngeal muscle, palatopharyngeus, pharyngopalatinus, pharyngostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus palatosalpingeus | <anatomy> Tensor muscle of soft palate, musculus tensor palati; musculus palatosalpingeus; musculus sphenosalpingostaphylinus; dilator tubae; origin, scaphoid fossa of sphenoid, cartilaginous and membranous part of auditory (eustachian) tube and spine of sphenoid; insertion, posterior border of hard palate and aponeurosis of soft palate; action, tenses the soft palate; contributes to opening of auditory tube; nerve supply, branches of trigeminal nerve through the otic ganglion. Synonym: musculus tensor veli palatini, dilator tubae, musculus palatosalpingeus, musculus sphenosalpingostaphylinus, musculus tensor palati, palatosalpingeus, tensor muscle of soft palate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus palatostaphylinus | A bundle of muscular fibres from the tensor veli palatini joining the musculus uvulae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus palmaris longus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial epicondyle of humerus; insertion, flexor retinaculum of wrist and palmar fascia; action, makes palmar fascia tense and flexes the hand and forearm; is absent about 20% of the time; when tensed, its tendon stands out sharply at the wrist and overlies the median nerve; nerve supply, median. Synonym: musculus palmaris longus, long palmar muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus papillaris | <anatomy> Small muscles within the heart which anchor the heart valves. (12 Dec 1998) |
| musculus pectineus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, crest of pubis; insertion, pectineal line of femur; action, adducts thigh and assists in flexion; nerve supply, obturator and femoral. Synonym: musculus pectineus, pectineal muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pectoralis major | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, clavicular part (pars clavicularis), medial half of clavicle; sternocostal part (pars sternocostalis), anterior surface of manubrium and body of sternum and cartilages of first to sixth ribs; abdominal part (pars abdominalis), aponeurosis of external oblique; insertion, crest of greater tubercle of humerus; action, adducts and medially rotates arm; nerve supply, anterior thoracic. Synonym: musculus pectoralis major, greater pectoral muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pectoralis minor | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, third to fifth ribs at the costochondral articulations; insertion, tip of coracoid process of scapula; action, draws down scapula or raises ribs; nerve supply, medial pectoral nerve. Synonym: musculus pectoralis minor, smaller pectoral muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus peroneocalcaneus | An occasional muscle arising from the shaft of the fibula and inserted into the calcaneus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus petropharyngeus | An occasional accessory levator muscle of the pharynx, arising from the undersurface of the petrous portion of the temporal bone and inserted into the pharynx. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus petrostaphylinus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, apex of petrous portion of temporal bone and lower part of cartilaginous auditory (eustachian) tube; insertion, aponeurosis of soft palate; action, raises soft palate; through the expansion of its fleshy belly during contraction, it helps to "push" open the auditory tube; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus levator veli palatini, elevator muscle of soft palate, levator palati muscle, musculus levator palati, musculus petrostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pharyngopalatinus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, soft palate; forms the posterior pillar of the fauces or tonsillar fossa; insertion, posterior border of thyroid cartilage and aponeurosis of pharynx; action, narrows fauces, depresses soft palate, elevates pharynx and larynx; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus palatopharyngeus, musculus pharyngopalatinus, palatopharyngeal muscle, palatopharyngeus, pharyngopalatinus, pharyngostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus piriformis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, margins of pelvic sacral foramina and greater sciatic notch of ilium; insertion, upper border of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to piriformis (sciatic plexus). Synonym: musculus piriformis, musculus pyriformis, piriform muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |