| musculus petrostaphylinus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, apex of petrous portion of temporal bone and lower part of cartilaginous auditory (eustachian) tube; insertion, aponeurosis of soft palate; action, raises soft palate; through the expansion of its fleshy belly during contraction, it helps to "push" open the auditory tube; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus levator veli palatini, elevator muscle of soft palate, levator palati muscle, musculus levator palati, musculus petrostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| musculus pharyngopalatinus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, soft palate; forms the posterior pillar of the fauces or tonsillar fossa; insertion, posterior border of thyroid cartilage and aponeurosis of pharynx; action, narrows fauces, depresses soft palate, elevates pharynx and larynx; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus (cranial root of accessory nerve). Synonym: musculus palatopharyngeus, musculus pharyngopalatinus, palatopharyngeal muscle, palatopharyngeus, pharyngopalatinus, pharyngostaphylinus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus piriformis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, margins of pelvic sacral foramina and greater sciatic notch of ilium; insertion, upper border of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to piriformis (sciatic plexus). Synonym: musculus piriformis, musculus pyriformis, piriform muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus plantaris | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral supracondylar ridge; insertion, medial margin of tendo achillis and deep fascia of ankle; action, traditionally described as plantar flexion of foot; many investigators now believe the plantaris muscle to be primarily a proprioceptive organ; nerve supply, tibial nerve. Synonym: musculus plantaris, musculus tibialis gracilis, plantar muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus platysma | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, subcutaneous layer and fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid at level of first or second rib; insertion, lower border of mandible, risorius and platysma of opposite side; action, depresses lower lip, forms ridges in skin of neck and upper chest when jaws are "clenched", denoting stress, anger; nerve supply, cervical branch of facial. Synonym: platysma, musculus platysma myoides, musculus platysma, musculus subcutaneus colli, musculus tetragonus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus platysma myoides | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, subcutaneous layer and fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid at level of first or second rib; insertion, lower border of mandible, risorius and platysma of opposite side; action, depresses lower lip, forms ridges in skin of neck and upper chest when jaws are "clenched", denoting stress, anger; nerve supply, cervical branch of facial. Synonym: platysma, musculus platysma myoides, musculus platysma, musculus subcutaneus colli, musculus tetragonus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pleuroesophageus | <anatomy> Muscular fasciculi, arising from the mediastinal pleura, which reinforce musculature of oesophagus. Synonym: musculus pleuroesophageus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus popliteus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral condyle of femur; insertion, posterior surface of tibia above oblique line; action, from the fully extended and "locked" position, rotates the femur medially, on the fixed (planted) tibial plateau about 5 |
| musculus procerus | <anatomy> Insertion, into frontalis; action, assists frontalis; origin, from membrane covering bridge of nose; nerve supply, branch of facial. Synonym: musculus procerus, musculus pyramidalis nasi, procerus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pronator pedis | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, by two heads from the lateral and medial borders of the inferior surface of the calcaneus; insertion, tendons of flexor digitorum longus; action, assists long flexor; nerve supply, lateral plantar. Synonym: musculus flexor accessorius, musculus quadratus plantae, accessory flexor muscle of foot, caro quadrata sylvii, musculus pronator pedis, plantar quadrate muscle, quadrate muscle of sole. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pronator quadratus | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, distal fourth of anterior surface of ulna; insertion, distal fourth of anterior surface of radius; action, pronates forearm; nerve supply, anterior interosseous. Synonym: musculus pronator quadratus, quadrate pronator muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pronator radii teres | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, superficial (humeral) head (ulnar) from the common flexor origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, deep (ulnar) head from the medial side of the coronoid process of the ulna; insertion, middle of the lateral surface of the radius; action, pronates forearm; nerve supply, median. Synonym: musculus pronator teres, musculus pronator radii teres, round pronator muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus pronator teres | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, superficial (humeral) head (ulnar) from the common flexor origin on the medial epicondyle of the humerus, deep (ulnar) head from the medial side of the coronoid process of the ulna; insertion, middle of the lateral surface of the radius; action, pronates forearm; nerve supply, median. Synonym: musculus pronator teres, musculus pronator radii teres, round pronator muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus prostaticus | The smooth muscle in the stroma of the prostate. Synonym: substantia muscularis prostatae, musculus prostaticus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculus psoas major | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, bodies of vertebrae and intervertebral disks from the twelfth thoracic to the fifth lumbar, and transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae; insertion, forms a common insertion with iliacus muscle into lesser trochanter of femur; action, flexes hip joint; nerve supply, lumbar plexus (ventral rami of first, second and usually third lumbar spinal nerves). Synonym: musculus psoas major, greater psoas muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |