| 영문 | anti-diuretic hormone; ADH | 한글 | 항이뇨호르몬 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 뇌의 바닥에 붙어있는 호르몬을 주로 분비하는 작은 기관인 뇌하수체 후엽에서 분비되는 호르몬으로 콩팥에서 수분의 흡수를 촉진하여 체내에 수분의 양을 늘이는 역할을 한다. 동시에 혈관을 수축시키는 작용이 있어 혈압을 상승시키는 역할도 한다.    |
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| 영문 | hormone | 한글 | 호르몬 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 호르몬이란 특정한 내분비선에서 생성, 저장되어 있다가, 관류하는 혈액 중으로 분비된 다음 혈액에 실려 멀리 떨어져 있는 표적세포(호르몬이 작용을 나타내는 세포)에 이르러 그곳에서 특정한 기능을 발휘하는 물질을 말한다. 내분비샘이 아니더라도 어느 세포나 세포군에서 세포외액 중으로 분비된 다음 다른 세포에 가서 세포의 기능을 변동시키는 물질의 일부도 호르몬의 범주에 포함시키고 있으며 이들을 특별히 국소호르몬이라 부른다(예-아세틸콜린, 아드레날린, 콜레시스토키닌 등). 이에 비해서 특정 내분비샘에서 혈중으로 분비되는 진정한 의미의 호르몬들을 일반호르몬이라고 부른다. 호르몬을 흔히 3종의 무리로 분류를 하는데 아드레날린이나 thyroxine과 같이 아미노산의 유도체로 된 호르몬들(amine derivative), 많은 아미노산을 재료로 만들어졌거나 당단백으로 된 단백호르몬(peptide hormone), 그리고 콜레스테롤을 재료로 만들어진 지방호르몬(steroid hormone) 등으로 구분되며 이들은 대체로 종류에 따라 작용메커니즘을 달리하고 있다. |
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| 영문 | luteinizing hormone(LH) | 한글 | 황체형성호르몬 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 여성의 월경은 정해진 순서에 의해 일어나게 된다. 먼저 난포자극호르몬이 뇌에서 분비되어 여성의 난소를 자극하게 되면 난포가 자극받아 난포호르몬(에스트로젠)을 분비하게 되고 이것은 다시 되먹이기 메커니즘 의해 뇌에 작용을 하여 황체화호르몬이 뇌에서 분비되고 이것이 이른바 절정에 이르렀을 때, 난포에서 배란이 일어나게 된다. 이후 난포는 황체로 변하게 되며, 배란된 난자가 수정되지 아니하면, 황체는 황체호르몬(프로게스테론)을 분비한 뒤 퇴화되고 곧 이어 월경이 일어나게 된다. 이 일은 정상적인 대부분의 여성에서 28일을 주기로 일어나며, 대개 황체화호르몬 절정 이후 마지막은 14일로 일정하다고 한다. |
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| wound | 1. A hurt or injury caused by violence; specifically, a breach of the skin and flesh of an animal, or in the substance of any creature or living thing; a cut, stab, rent, or the like. "Showers of blood Rained from the wounds of slaughtered Englishmen." (Shak) 2. An injury, hurt, damage, detriment, or the like, to feeling, faculty, reputation, etc. 3. An injury to the person by which the skin is divided, or its continuity broken; a lesion of the body, involving some solution of continuity. Walker condemns the pronunciation woond as a "capricious novelty." It is certainly opposed to an important principle of our language, namely, that the Old English long sound written ou, and pronounced like French ou or modern English oo, has regularly changed, when accented, into the diphthongal sound usually written with the same letters ou in modern English, as in ground, hound, round, sound. The use of ou in Old English to represent the sound of modern English oo was borrowed from the French, and replaced the older and Anglo-Saxon spelling with u. It makes no difference whether the word was taken from the French or not, provided it is old enough in English to have suffered this change to what is now the common sound of ou; but words taken from the French at a later time, or influenced by French, may have the French sound. <zoology> Wound gall, an elongated swollen or tuberous gall on the branches of the grapevine, caused by a small reddish brown weevil (Ampeloglypter sesostris) whose larvae inhabit the galls. Origin: OE. Wounde, wunde, AS. Wund; akin to OFries. Wunde, OS. Wunda, D. Wonde, OHG. Wunta, G. Wunde, Icel. Und, and to AS, OS, & G. Wund sore, wounded, OHG. Wunt, Goth. Wunds, and perhaps also to Goth. Winnan to suffer, E. Win. 140. Cf. Zounds. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| wound botulism | <microbiology> A form of illness that results from the liberation of botulism toxin from the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum, found in an infected wound. (27 Sep 1997) |
| wound dehiscence | <surgery> A premature bursting open or splitting along natural or surgical suture lines. A complication of surgery that occurs secondary to poor wound healing. Risk factors include diabetes, advanced age, obesity and trauma during the post-surgical period. (27 Sep 1997) |
| wound fever | Elevation of temperature following an injury. Synonym: symptomatic fever, wound fever. (05 Mar 2000) |
| wound healing | Restoration of integrity to traumatised tissue. (12 Dec 1998) |
| wound infection | Invasion of the site of trauma by pathogenic microorganisms. (12 Dec 1998) |
| wound myiasis | Traumatic myiasis, the infestation of a surface wound or other open lesion by fly larvae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| crease wound | A tangential wound that makes a furrow without perforating the skin. Synonym: crease wound, glancing wound. (05 Mar 2000) |
| puncture wound | An injury from piercing or penetrating with a pointed object. Any puncture wound through tennis shoes (as with a nail) has a high risk of infection because the foam in tennis shoes can harbor a bacteria (pseudomonas). (12 Dec 1998) |
| septic wound | A wound that has become infected. (05 Mar 2000) |
| seton wound | A tangential perforating wound, the entrance and exit openings being on the same side of the body, head, or limb involved. (05 Mar 2000) |
| stab wound | <surgery> A puncture wound that is generated from the applied force of a sharp object, to make a deep, conical wound. (10 Mar 1998) |
| subcutaneous wound | An injury or wound extending below the skin into the subcutaneous tissue, but not affecting underlying bones or organs. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nonpenetrating wound | Injury, especially within the thorax or abdomen, produced without disruption of the surface of the body. (05 Mar 2000) |
| sucking wound | A free communication between the atmosphere and the pleural space either via the lung or through the chest wall. Synonym: sucking wound. (05 Mar 2000) |