| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
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| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| PVD | patient very disturbed; peripheral vascular disease; portal vein dilation; posterior vitreous detach... |
|---|---|
| PVR | peripheral vascular resistance; perspective volume rendering; poliovirus receptor; postvoiding resid... |
| RVR | reduced vascular response; renal vascular resistance; repetitive ventricular response; resistance to... |
| SVR | sequential vascular response; systemic vascular resistance |
| TPVR | total peripheral vascular resistance; total pulmonary vascular resistance |
| VAP-1 | Vascular adhesion protein 1 |
|---|---|
| VCAM-1 | vascular cellular adhesion molecule 1 |
| VEGF/VPF | Vascular endothelial growth factor/ vascular permeability factor |
| VPF/VEGF | Vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor |
| ALCAM | Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule |
| receptors, leukocyte-adhesion | Family of proteins associated with the capacity of leukocytes, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and neutrophils, to adhere to each other and to certain substrata, e.g., the c3bi component of complement. Members of this family are the lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (lfa-1), the macrophage-1 antigen (mac-1), and the antigen p150,95 or p150,95 leukocyte adhesion protein. They all share a common beta-subunit which is the CD18 antigen. All three of the above antigens are absent in inherited leukocyte-adhesion deficiency syndrome, which is characterised by recurrent bacterial infections, impaired pus formation, and wound healing as well as abnormalities in a wide spectrum of adherence-dependent functions of granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphoid cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| water of adhesion | Water held by molecular attraction in contact with solid surfaces, but not forming an essential part of their constitution. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary adhesion | Healing by fibrous adhesion, without suppuration or granulation tissue formation. Synonym: primary adhesion, primary union. (05 Mar 2000) |
| secondary adhesion | Delayed closure of two granulating surfaces. Synonym: secondary adhesion, secondary union. (05 Mar 2000) |
| differential adhesion | The differential adhesion hypothesis was advanced by Steinberg to explain the mechanism by which heterotypic cells in mixed aggregates sort out into isotypic territories. Quantitative differences in homo and hetero typic adhesion are supposed to be sufficient to account for the phenomenon without the need to postulate cell type specific adhesion systems: fairly generally accepted, although some tissue specific cell adhesion molecules are now known to exist. (18 Nov 1997) |
| immune adhesion test | The diagnostic application of the immune adhesion phenomenon. Synonym: erythrocyte adherence test, immune adhesion test, red cell adherence test. (05 Mar 2000) |
| intercellular adhesion molecule | See: ICAM. (18 Nov 1997) |
| intercellular adhesion molecule-1 | <chemical> A cell-surface ligand with a role in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue. Chemical name: Glycoprotein ICAM 1 (human clone pHRVr1 deblocked protein moiety reduced) (12 Dec 1998) |
| interthalamic adhesion | The variable connection between the two thalamic masses across the third ventricle; absent in about 20% of human brains. Synonym: adhesio interthalamica, commissura cinerea, commissura grisea, intermediate mass, massa intermedia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule | 115,000 Mw molecule on the surface of endothelial cells that is involved in blood leukocyte attachment to vessel walls as well as emigration from the vessels into the tissues. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fibrinous adhesion | An adhesion that consists of fine threads of fibrin resulting from an exudate of plasma or lymph, or an extravasation of blood. (05 Mar 2000) |
| fibrous adhesion | Fibrous strands resulting from the organization of fibrinous adhesion's. (05 Mar 2000) |
| focal adhesion | <cell biology> Areas of close apposition and thus presumably anchorage points, of the plasma membrane of a fibroblast (for example) to the substratum over which it is moving. Usually 1m x 0.2 m with the long axis parallel to the direction of movement, always associated with a cytoplasmic microfilament bundle that is attached via several proteins to the plasma membrane at an area of high protein concentration (this is noticeably electron dense in electron micrographs). Focal adhesions tend to be characteristic of slow moving cells. (18 Nov 1997) |
| leukocyte adhesion deficiency | An inherited disorder (autosomal recessive) in which there is a defective CD18 adherence complex that disturbs leukocyte chemotaxis. It is characterised by recurrent bacterial infections and impaired wound healing. (05 Mar 2000) |
| leukocyte-adhesion deficiency syndrome | <syndrome> Rare, autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the beta 2 integrin receptors (receptors, leukocyte-adhesion) comprising the CD11/CD18 family of glycoproteins. The syndrome is characterised by abnormal adhesion-dependent functions, especially defective tissue emigration of neutrophils, leading to recurrent infection. (12 Dec 1998) |