| TPE | Tropical Pulmonary Eosinophilia |
|---|---|
| TSP | Tropical Spastic Paraparesis |
| TSP/HAM | Tropical Spastic Paraparesis/HTLV-I associated myelopathy |
| TSS | Tropical Splenomegaly Syndrome |
| tropical mask | A bronze-coloured pigmentation, probably produced by hormone imbalance, occurring in gradually increasing areas on the face, neck, and chest in persons exposed continuously to the tropical sun; similar to chloasma of the temperate zone, but intensified because of strong sunlight. Synonym: tropical mask. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| tropical measles | <infectious disease, virology> A disease of uncertain character, somewhat resembling rubella, occurring in southern China. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical medicine | <study> The branch of medicine concerned with diseases, mainly of parasitic origin, common in tropical and subtropical regions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tropical myositis | A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usually the disease is associated with parasitic infections. Synonym: bungpagga, lambo lambo, tropical myositis, tropical pyomyositis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical pyomyositis | A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usually the disease is associated with parasitic infections. Synonym: bungpagga, lambo lambo, tropical myositis, tropical pyomyositis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical sore | Infection with promastigotes (leptomonads) of Leishmania tropica and of leishmaniasis major inoculated into the skin by the bite of an infected sandfly, Phlebotomus (commonly P. Papatasi); it is endemic in parts of Asia Minor, northern Africa, and India, and is known by innumerable names, each indicating its locality (e.g., Aleppo, Baghdad, Delhi, or Jericho boil; Aden ulcer; Biskra button); the ulcer begins as a papule that enlarges to a nodule and then breaks down into an ulcer. Two distinctive clinical and epidemiological diseases are recognised, the more common and widespread zoonotic rural disease with a moist acute form, caused by L. Major, with reservoir rodent hosts; and an urban, anthroponotic, dry, chronic form of leishmaniasis caused by leishmaniasis tropica, without a reservoir host, and now largely controlled. See: zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Synonym: juccuya, Old World leishmaniasis, tropical sore. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical splenomegaly | A chronic disease, occurring in India, Assam, China, the area formerly known as the Mediterranean littoral areas, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, China, South and Central America, Asia, Africa caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the bite of an appropriate species of sandfly of the genus Phlebotomus or Lutzomyia; the organisms grow and multiply in macrophages, eventually causing them to burst and liberate amastigote parasites which then invade other macrophages; proliferation of macrophages in the bone marrow causes crowding out of erythroid and myeloid elements, resulting in leukopenia, and anaemia, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly which are characteristic, along with enlargement of lymph nodes; fever, fatigue, malaise, and secondary infections also occur; different strains of leishmaniasis donovani occur; leishmaniasis infantum in Eurasia, leishmaniasis chagasi in Latin America. Synonym: Assam fever, black sickness, Burdwan fever, cachectic fever, Dumdum fever, kala azar, tropical splenomegaly. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical splenomegaly syndrome | A syndrome characterised by persistent splenomegaly, exceptionally high serum IgM and malaria antibody levels, and hepatic sinusoidal lymphocytosis; believed to be a disturbance in the T-lymphocyte control of the humoral response to recurrent malaria. Synonym: tropical splenomegaly syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical typhus | See Typhus, scrub. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tropical ulcer | The lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis, tropical phagedenic ulceration caused by a variety of microorganisms, including mycobacteria; common in northern Nigeria. Synonym: tropical sore. (05 Mar 2000) |
| leishmania | A genus of parasitic flagellated protozoans which causes diseases in animals including humans, most notably leishmaniasis. A type of trypanosome. (09 Oct 1997) |
| Leishmania aethiopica | An African species of Leishmania responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ethiopia, with a reservoir of human infection in the rock hyraxes, Procavia capensis and Heterohyrax brucei, and in Kenya, with reservoirs in the tree hyrax, Dendrohyrax arboreus, and the giant rat, Cricetomys gambianus; vectors are the sandflies Phlebotomus longpipes and P. Pedifer. It causes a cutaneous leishmaniasis of three types: classical oriental sore, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis; ulceration is late or absent and healing takes one to three years. (05 Mar 2000) |
| leishmania braziliensis | A parasitic haemoflagellate of the subgenus leishmania viannia that infects man and animals. It causes cutaneous (leishmaniasis, cutaneous), diffuse cutaneous (leishmaniasis, diffuse cutaneous), and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous) depending on the subspecies of this organism. The sandfly, lutzomyia, is the vector. The leishmania braziliensis complex includes the subspecies braziliensis and peruviana. Uta, a form of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the new world, is caused by the subspecies peruviana. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis | The type subspecies of Leishmania braziliensis and the agent of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. A natural reservoir of infection remains unknown, but the proven vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia (Psychodopygus) wellcomei; other sandflies may also transmit the infection. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Leishmania braziliensis guyanensis | A subspecies within the Leishmania braziliensis complex from Brazil and Guyana, and the cause of the cutaneous leishmaniasis condition locally known as "pian bois"; the reservoir host in Brazil is the sloth Choloepus hoffmani and the vector is the sandfly Lutzomyia umbratilis. (05 Mar 2000) |