| OHI | Occupational Health Institute; operative hypertension indicator; oral hygiene index; Oral Hygiene In... |
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| DTCH | Diploma in Tropical Child Health |
| DTM | dermatophyte test medium; Diploma in Tropical Medicine |
| DTPH | Diploma in Tropical Public Health |
| DTVM | Diploma in Tropical Veterinary Medicine |
| tropical bubo | A venereal infection usually caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, and characterised by a transient genital ulcer and inguinal adenopathy in the male; in the female, perirectal lymph nodes are involved and rectal stricture is a common occurrence. Synonym: climatic bubo, Favre-Durand-Nicholas disease, lymphogranuloma inguinale, Nicolas-Favre disease, sixth venereal disease, tropical bubo. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| tropical canine pancytopenia | A fatal disease of dogs in Asia, Africa, and the U.S. Caused by Ehrlichia canis, transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus, and characterised by haemorrhage, pancytopenia, and emaciation. Synonym: tropical canine pancytopenia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical climate | <geography> A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, i.e., one with continually high temperatures with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tropical diarrhoea | tropical sprue |
| tropical diseases | <microbiology> Infectious and parasitic diseases endemic in tropical and subtropical zones, including Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis, leprosy, malaria, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, sleeping sickness, yellow fever, and others; often water-or insect-borne. See: emerging viruses. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical eczema | <dermatology> Eczema occurring in plaques on extensors of the extremities; of common occurrence and unknown aetiology. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical eosinophilia | <chest medicine, infectious disease> Eosinophilia associated with cough and asthma, caused by occult filarial infection without evidence of microfilaraemia, occurring most frequently in India and Southeast Asia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical mask | A bronze-coloured pigmentation, probably produced by hormone imbalance, occurring in gradually increasing areas on the face, neck, and chest in persons exposed continuously to the tropical sun; similar to chloasma of the temperate zone, but intensified because of strong sunlight. Synonym: tropical mask. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical measles | <infectious disease, virology> A disease of uncertain character, somewhat resembling rubella, occurring in southern China. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical medicine | <study> The branch of medicine concerned with diseases, mainly of parasitic origin, common in tropical and subtropical regions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| tropical myositis | A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usually the disease is associated with parasitic infections. Synonym: bungpagga, lambo lambo, tropical myositis, tropical pyomyositis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical pyomyositis | A disease observed in Samoa and in tropical Africa, marked by pains in the extremities, fever of a remittent or intermittent type, and abscesses in the muscles in various parts of the body (may result in death from sepsis); causative organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes, but usually the disease is associated with parasitic infections. Synonym: bungpagga, lambo lambo, tropical myositis, tropical pyomyositis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical sore | Infection with promastigotes (leptomonads) of Leishmania tropica and of leishmaniasis major inoculated into the skin by the bite of an infected sandfly, Phlebotomus (commonly P. Papatasi); it is endemic in parts of Asia Minor, northern Africa, and India, and is known by innumerable names, each indicating its locality (e.g., Aleppo, Baghdad, Delhi, or Jericho boil; Aden ulcer; Biskra button); the ulcer begins as a papule that enlarges to a nodule and then breaks down into an ulcer. Two distinctive clinical and epidemiological diseases are recognised, the more common and widespread zoonotic rural disease with a moist acute form, caused by L. Major, with reservoir rodent hosts; and an urban, anthroponotic, dry, chronic form of leishmaniasis caused by leishmaniasis tropica, without a reservoir host, and now largely controlled. See: zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis, anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Synonym: juccuya, Old World leishmaniasis, tropical sore. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical splenomegaly | A chronic disease, occurring in India, Assam, China, the area formerly known as the Mediterranean littoral areas, the Middle East, India, Pakistan, China, South and Central America, Asia, Africa caused by Leishmania donovani and transmitted by the bite of an appropriate species of sandfly of the genus Phlebotomus or Lutzomyia; the organisms grow and multiply in macrophages, eventually causing them to burst and liberate amastigote parasites which then invade other macrophages; proliferation of macrophages in the bone marrow causes crowding out of erythroid and myeloid elements, resulting in leukopenia, and anaemia, splenomegaly, and hepatomegaly which are characteristic, along with enlargement of lymph nodes; fever, fatigue, malaise, and secondary infections also occur; different strains of leishmaniasis donovani occur; leishmaniasis infantum in Eurasia, leishmaniasis chagasi in Latin America. Synonym: Assam fever, black sickness, Burdwan fever, cachectic fever, Dumdum fever, kala azar, tropical splenomegaly. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tropical splenomegaly syndrome | A syndrome characterised by persistent splenomegaly, exceptionally high serum IgM and malaria antibody levels, and hepatic sinusoidal lymphocytosis; believed to be a disturbance in the T-lymphocyte control of the humoral response to recurrent malaria. Synonym: tropical splenomegaly syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |