| AB | abdominal; abnormal; abortion; Ace bandage; active bilaterally; aid to the blind; alcian blue; alert... |
|---|---|
| Ab | abortion; antibiotic; antibody |
| AC | abdominal circumference; abdominal compression; absorption coefficient; abuse case; acetate; acetylc... |
| ASAH | antibiotic sterilized aortic valve homograft |
| Atb | antibiotic |
| peptide antibiotic lactonase | <enzyme> Peptide lactone and water gives linear peptide Registry number: EC 3.1.1.- (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| diarrhoea, antibiotic-induced | A bacterium called Clostridium difficile (C.difficile), one of the most common causes of infection of the large bowel (colon). Patients taking antibiotics are at particular risk of becoming infected with C. Difficile. Antibiotics disrupt the normal bacteria of the bowel, allowing C. Difficile bacteria (and other bacteria) to become established and overgrow the colon. Many persons infected with C. Difficile bacteria have no symptoms but can become carriers of the bacteria and infect others. In other people, a toxin produced by C. Difficile causes diarrhoea, abdominal pain, severe inflammation of the colon (colitis), fever, an elevated white blood count, vomiting and dehydration. In severely affected patients, the inner lining of the colon becomes severely inflamed (a condition called pseudomembranous colitis). Rarely, the walls of the colon wear away and holes develop (colon perforation), which can lead to a life-threatening infection of the abdomen. (12 Dec 1998) |
| active transport | <biochemistry, chemistry> Transport of ions, nutrients or other molecules into a cell against a concentration gradient, this requires the expenditure of energy through ATP hydrolysis. (06 May 1997) |
| anterograde transport | Movement of material from the cell body of a neuron into axons and dendrites retrograde axoplasmic transport also occurs). (18 Nov 1997) |
| atrial transport function | The role of the atria in filling and stretching the ventricles by their presystolic contraction, without which the force of ventricular contraction and hence the cardiac output may significantly decrease. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axonal transport | Directed transport of organelles and molecules along a nerve cell axon. Transport can be anterograde (from the cell body) or retrograde (toward the cell body). (alberts et al., molecular biology of the cell, 3d ed, pg3) (12 Dec 1998) |
| axoplasmic transport | Transport by way of flow of axoplasm toward cell soma (retrograde) or toward axon terminal (anterograde). (05 Mar 2000) |
| biological transport | The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) across cell membranes and epithelial layers, usually by passive diffusion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| biological transport, active | The movement of materials across cell membranes and epithelial layers against an electrochemical gradient, requiring the expenditure of metabolic energy. (12 Dec 1998) |
| vectorial transport | <physiology> Transport of an ion or molecule across an epithelium in a certain direction (e.g. absorption of glucose by the gut). Vectorial transport implies a nonuniform distribution of transport proteins on the plasma membranes of two faces of the epithelium. (06 Mar 2000) |
| paracellular transport | Solvent movement across an epithelial cell layer through the tight junctions between cells. Compare: transcellular transport. (05 Mar 2000) |
| vesicular transport | <cell biology> Process of transport of material across an epithelium by uptake on one face into a coated vesicle, which may then be sorted through the trans Golgi network and transported to the opposite face in another set of vesicles. (17 Mar 1998) |
| passive transport | <biochemistry, physiology> The movement of a substance, usually across a plasma membrane, by a mechanism that does not require metabolic energy. See: active transport, transport protein, facilitated diffusion, ion channels. (18 Nov 1997) |
| renal tubular transport, inborn errors | Genetically determined disorders of the reabsorptive functions of the kidney with regard to specific nephron segments responsible for specific transport functions, classifiable by proximal nephron function, loop of henle function, and distal nephron function. The transport defects can be selective or nonselective. (12 Dec 1998) |
| respiratory transport | The processes of gas exchange and various metabolic functions taking place in the lung, generally at the alveolar level. (12 Dec 1998) |