| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
||
| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
||
| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
||
| ASM | acid sphingomyelinase; airway smooth muscle; American Society for Microbiology; anterior scalenus mu... |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| musculus tensor tympani | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, the cartilaginous part of the auditory (eustachian) tube and the walls of its hemi-canal just above the bony portion of the auditory tube; insertion, handle of malleus; action, draws the handle of the malleus medialward tensing the tympanic membrane to protect it from excessive vibration by loud sounds. Nerve supply, branches of trigeminal through the otic ganglion. Synonym: musculus tensor tympani, tensor muscle of tympanic membrane, Toynbee's muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| musculus tensor veli palatini | <anatomy> Tensor muscle of soft palate, musculus tensor palati; musculus palatosalpingeus; musculus sphenosalpingostaphylinus; dilator tubae; origin, scaphoid fossa of sphenoid, cartilaginous and membranous part of auditory (eustachian) tube and spine of sphenoid; insertion, posterior border of hard palate and aponeurosis of soft palate; action, tenses the soft palate; contributes to opening of auditory tube; nerve supply, branches of trigeminal nerve through the otic ganglion. Synonym: musculus tensor veli palatini, dilator tubae, musculus palatosalpingeus, musculus sphenosalpingostaphylinus, musculus tensor palati, palatosalpingeus, tensor muscle of soft palate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tensor | 1. <anatomy> A muscle that stretches a part, or renders it tense. 2. <geometry> The ratio of one vector to another in length, no regard being had to the direction of the two vectors; so called because considered as a stretching factor in changing one vector into another. See Versor. Origin: NL. See Tension. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| tensor fasciae latae | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior superior spine and adjacent lateral surface of the ilium; insertion, iliotibial band of fascia lata; action, tenses fascia lata; flexes, abducts and medially rotates thigh; nerve supply, superior gluteal. Synonym: musculus tensor fasciae latae, musculus tensor fasciae femoris, tensor muscle of fascia lata. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tensor tympani | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, the cartilaginous part of the auditory (eustachian) tube and the walls of its hemi-canal just above the bony portion of the auditory tube; insertion, handle of malleus; action, draws the handle of the malleus medialward tensing the tympanic membrane to protect it from excessive vibration by loud sounds. Nerve supply, branches of trigeminal through the otic ganglion. Synonym: musculus tensor tympani, tensor muscle of tympanic membrane, Toynbee's muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| muscular fascia of extraocular muscle | Muscular fascia; the part of the orbital fascia that envelops the extraocular muscles; it is thin posteriorly but becomes thicker where it is continuous with the bulbar sheath; the fascial sheaths of the four rectus muscles are connected by an intermuscular membrane. Synonym: fascia muscularis musculorum bulbi, fascia of extraocular muscles, muscular fascia of extraocular muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Abernethy's fascia | A layer of subperitoneal areolar tissue in front of the external iliac artery. See: iliac fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anal fascia | The fascia that covers the inferior aspect of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles. Synonym: fascia diaphragmatis pelvis inferior, anal fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| antebrachial fascia | It is continuous with the brachial fascia; in the region of the wrist it forms two thickened bands, the extensor and flexor retinacula. Synonym: fascia antebrachii, deep fascia of forearm, fascia of forearm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arcus tendineus of obturator fascia | <anatomy> A thickened portion of the obturator fascia that extends in an arching line from the pubis posteriorly to the ischial spine and gives origin to part of the levator ani muscle. Synonym: arcus tendineus musculi levatoris ani, arcus tendineus of obturator fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| axillary fascia | The fascia that forms the floor of the axilla. It is continuous with the pectoral and clavipectoral fascia anteriorly, with the brachial fascia laterally, and with the fascia of the latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscles posteriorly and medially. Synonym: fascia axillaris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bicipital fascia | Aponeurosis bicipitalis, radiating fibres from the tendon of insertion of the biceps which form a triangular band passing obliquely across the hollow of the elbow to the ulnar side and becoming merged into the deep fascia of the forearm. Formerly called "grace Dieu" fascia, it serves to protect the brachial artery and median nerve during phlebotomy of median cubital vein. Synonym: aponeurosis musculi bicipitis brachii, bicipital fascia, lacertus fibrosus, semilunar fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| brachial fascia | The deep fascia of the arm; it is continuous proximally with the pectoral fascia and the fascia covering the deltoid; distally it is continuous with the antebrachial fascia. Synonym: fascia brachii, deep fascia of arm. (05 Mar 2000) |
| broad fascia | The strong deep fascia of the thigh, enveloping the muscles of the thigh and thickened laterally as the iliotibial track. Synonym: fascia lata, broad fascia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| buccopharyngeal fascia | The fascia that covers the muscular layer of the pharynx and is continued forward onto the buccinator muscle. Synonym: fascia buccopharyngea. (05 Mar 2000) |