| OMD | ocular muscle dystrophy; oculomandibulodyscephaly; organic mental disorder; oromandibular dystonia |
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| dystonia musculorum deformans | A genetic, environmental, or idiopathic disorder, usually beginning in childhood or adolescence, marked by muscular contractions that distort the spine, limbs, hips, and sometimes the cranial-innervated muscles. The abnormal movements are increased by excitement and, at least initially, abolished by sleep. The musculature is hypertonic when in action, hypotonic when at rest. Hereditary forms usually begin with involuntary posturing of the foot or hand (autosomal recessive form ) or of the neck or trunk (autosomal dominant form ); both forms may progress to produce contortions of the entire body. Synonym: progressive torsion spasm, torsion disease of childhood, torsion dystonia, Ziehen-Oppenheim disease. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| dystonia, oromandibular | Oromandibular dystonia affects the muscles of the jaw, lips, and tongue. The jaw may be pulled either open or shut, and speech and swallowing can be difficult. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dystonia, segawa's | An important variant of dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD), a condition successfully treated with drugs. Typically, DRD begins in childhood or adolescence with progressive difficulty in walking and, in some cases, spasticity. In Segawa's dystonia, the symptoms fluctuate during the day from relative mobility in the morning to increasingly worse disability in the afternoon and evening as well as after exercise. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dystonia, torsion | A form of dystonia known as early-onset torsion dystonia (also called idiopathic or generalised torsion dystonia) begins in childhood around the age of 12. Symptoms typically start in one part of the body, usually in an arm or leg, and eventually spread to the rest of the body within about 5 years. Early-onset torsion dystonia is not fatal, but it can be severely debilitating. most children with the disorder are unable to perform the simplest of motor tasks and are confined to a wheelchair by the time they reach adulthood. (12 Dec 1998) |
| dystonia, writer's cramp | A dystonia that affects the muscles of the hand and sometimes the forearm and only occurs during handwriting. Similar focal dystonias have also been called typist's cramp, pianist's cramp, musician's cramp, and golfer's cramp. (12 Dec 1998) |
| oromandibular dystonia | Oro- refers to the mouth and mandibular refers to the lower jaw. Oromandibular dystonia affects the muscles of the jaw, lips, and tongue. The jaw may be pulled either open or shut, and speech and swallowing can be difficult. (12 Dec 1998) |
| torsion dystonia | A form of dystonia known as early-onset torsion dystonia (also called idiopathic or generalised torsion dystonia) that begins in childhood around the age of 12. Symptoms typically start in one part of the body, usually in an arm or leg, and eventually spread to the rest of the body within about 5 years. Early-onset torsion dystonia is not fatal, but it can be severely debilitating. most children with the disorder are unable to perform the simplest of motor tasks and are confined to a wheelchair by the time they reach adulthood. (12 Dec 1998) |