| 영문 | optic nerve | 한글 | 시각신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 시각을 인지하는 신경. 이 신경은 단지 감각신경으로서만 작용한다. 따라서 어떤 사물을 따라 눈을 움직일 수 있는 것은 이 시각신경과는 무관하다(이것은 눈돌림신경(oculomotor nerve)에 의해 가능하다). 또한 시각신경은 고위중추신경계인 뇌에서 직접 분지하므로 손상시 재생은 불가능하며, 이에 대한 치료법은 없다. |
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| 영문 | nerve | 한글 | 신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 여러 기관들의 서로간 상호연결체계가 바로 신경계이다. 이러한 신경계는 각 신경세포들에 의해 이루어지고 있으며, 여기에는 중추신경계(central nerve system: CNS)와 말초신경계(peripheral nerve system: PNS)가 있다. 중추신경계란 뇌와 척수를 말하며, 말초신경계는 12쌍의 뇌신경(cranial nerve: 뇌에서 기시하여 주로 얼굴부위와 목 부위에 분포한다)과 31쌍의 척수신경(spinal nerve: spinal cord에서 각기 양쪽으로 쌍을 이루어 나오는데 주로 목이하부위의 신체 각 부분으로 분포하게 된다)으로 구성되어 있다. 또한 말초신경계에는 앞에서 말한 뇌신경과 척수신경외에 자율신경계가 존재한다. 자율신경계는 다시 교감신경과 부교감신경으로 나뉘어져 서로간의 올바른 상호작용으로 몸속에서 여러 가지 작용을 수행한다. |
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| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| NRI | nerve root involvement; nerve root irritation; nonrespiratory infection |
|---|---|
| PN | papillary necrosis; parenteral nutrition; penicillin; perceived noise; percussion note; periarteriti... |
| DSAP | disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis |
| SASMAS | skin-adipose superficial musculoaponeurotic system |
| SLA | left sacroanterior [fetal position] [Lat. sacrolaeva anterior]; single-cell liquid cytotoxic assay; ... |
| superficial branch | Branch which passes above or closer to surface; usually in contrast to a deep branch. Synonym: ramus superficialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| superficial branch of the medial plantar artery | <anatomy, artery> Gives rise to superficial digital arteries of medial three toes. Synonym: ramus superficialis arteriae plantaris medialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial branch of the superior gluteal artery | <anatomy, artery> To upper gluteus maximus muscle. Synonym: ramus superficialis arteriae gluteae superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial branch of the transverse cervical artery | <anatomy, artery> Branch of transverse cervical artery which accompanies the spinal accessory nerve on the deep surface of the trapezius muscle. Alternatively arises as a direct branch of the thyrocervical trunk, in which case it is called the superficial cervical artery. (05 Mar 2000) |
| frontal branch of superficial temporal artery | <anatomy, artery> Terminal branch of superficial temporal artery (with parietal branch) supplying anterolateral scalp and underlying musculature, periosteum, and outer table of cranium; anastomosis: across midline with contralateral partner; supratrochlear and supraorbital arteries. Synonym: ramus frontalis arteriae temporalis superficialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| radial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A major nerve of the upper extremity. In humans the fibres of the radial nerve originate in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord (usually c5 to t1), travel via the posterior cord of the brachial plexus, and supply motor innervation to extensor muscles of the arm and cutaneous sensory fibres to extensor regions of the arm and hand. (12 Dec 1998) |
| groove for radial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The shallow groove that passes around the shaft of the humerus; it lodges the radial nerve and deep brachial artery. Synonym: sulcus nervi radialis, musculospiral groove, spiral groove. (05 Mar 2000) |
| greater superficial petrosal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The parasympathetic root of the pterygopalatine ganglion; a branch from the genu of the facial nerve exiting via the hiatus of the facial canal and running in a groove on the anterior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone beside the foramen lacerum to join the deep petrosal nerve, thus forming the nerve of the pterygoid canal, which passes through the pterygoid canal to reach the pterygopalatine ganglion. Synonym: nervus petrosus major, greater petrosal nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial cervical nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the cervical plexus that supplies the skin over the anterior triangle of the neck. Synonym: nervus transversus colli, cutaneous cervical nerve, nervus cervicalis superficialis, superficial cervical nerve, transverse nerve of neck. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial fibular nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the common peroneal nerve which passes downward in the lateral compartment of the leg to supply the peroneus longus and brevis muscles and terminate as the intermediate and medial dorsal cutaneous nerves supplying the skin of the dorsum of the foot and toes (except for adjacent sides of great and second toes). Synonym: nervus fibularis superficialis, nervus peroneus superficialis, musculocutaneous nerve of leg, superficial fibular nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial peroneal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the common peroneal nerve which passes downward in the lateral compartment of the leg to supply the peroneus longus and brevis muscles and terminate as the intermediate and medial dorsal cutaneous nerves supplying the skin of the dorsum of the foot and toes (except for adjacent sides of great and second toes). Synonym: nervus fibularis superficialis, nervus peroneus superficialis, musculocutaneous nerve of leg, superficial fibular nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lesser superficial petrosal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The parasympathetic root of the otic ganglion, derived from the tympanic plexus; it leaves the tympanic cavity through the canal for the lesser petrosal nerve and passes within the cranium to the sphenopetrosal fissure, or to the foramen ovale, or to the petrosal foramen through which it descends to reach the otic ganglion; conveys presynaptic parasympathetic fibres from the glossopharyngeal nerve concerned with secretomotor innervation of the perotid gland. Synonym: nervus petrosus minor, lesser petrosal nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apical branch of inferior lobar branch of right pulmonary artery | <anatomy, artery> Branch (of the inferior lobar branch) of the right pulmonary artery serving the apical segment of the inferior lobe of the right lung. Synonym: ramus apicalis lobi inferioris arteriae pulmonalis dextrae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| posterior branch of right branch of portal vein | <anatomy, vein> Posterior segmental branch of portal vein; branch to posterior segments of right lobe of liver. Synonym: ramus posterior rami dextri venae portae hepatis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior lingular branch of lingular branch of superior lobar left pulmonary artery | <anatomy, artery> Branch (of the lingular branch) of the left pulmonary artery serving the superior lingular segment of the superior lobe of the left lung. Synonym: ramus lingularis superior. (05 Mar 2000) |