| 영문 | carbon monoxide poisoning | 한글 | 일산화탄소중독 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일산화탄소의 흡입에 의하여 산화헤모글로빈이 카르복시헤모글로빈으로 변화함으로써 일어나는 중독. 중추신경계장애를 일으키고 죽음에 이르기고 한다. 일산화탄소는 탄소를 함유한 유기물이 불완전연소할 때 발생한다. 따라서 제철, 도시가스 제조, 가정에서 발생하며 자동차 배기가스에도 포함되어 있고 가정에서 연료의 연소에 의해서도 생긴다. 일산화탄소를 흡입하면 폐에서 혈액속의 혈색소와 결합하여 일산화탄소헤모글로빈을 형성하고, 이 때문에 혈액의 산소운반능력이 상실되어 내부적인 질식상태에 빠지게 된다. 일산화탄소와 헤모글로빈과의 친화성은 극히 강하여 산소보다 250배의 세기로 결합한다. 사람에 따라 일산화탄소에 대한 감수성이 다르지만, 공기 속에 0.001%만 들어있어도 중독을 일으킨다. 또 0.06%에서는 1시간만 흡입하면 두통을 일으키고 2시간이면 실신한다. 또 0.1%을 경우는 1시간 이내에 실신하고 4시간이면 사망한다. 중독 증세는 조직의 무산소증에 의한 것으로서, 급성중독은 급격히 사망하는 수도 있지만, 대개는 처음에 두통-현기증-귀울림-구역-구토 등이 있고, 사지의 운동이 불가능하게 되며, 다소의 의식이 남아 있어도 그대로 죽음에 이르게 된다. 타각적으로는 얼굴에 홍조를 띠고 전신에 무늬 모양의 발적이 나타나며, 호흡이 가늘고 불규칙하게 된다. 코를 골고 체온이 내려가고 전신의 근육 이온 등이 보이며, 호흡곤란의 증세가 보이지 않는 중에 호흡이 정지하게 된다. |
||
| Streptococcus equi zooepidemicus | A species causing mastitis in cattle. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| streptococcus erythrogenic toxin | A culture filtrate of lysogenised group A strains of beta-haemolytic streptococci, erythrogenic when inoculated into the skin of susceptible persons, and neutralised by antibodies that appear during scarlet fever convalescence; three immunological types (A, B, and C) are recognised. Synonym: Dick test toxin, erythrogenic toxin, scarlet fever erythrogenic toxin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus faecalis | A species found in human faeces and in the intestines of many warm-blooded animals; occasionally found in urinary infections and in blood and heart lesions in cases of subacute endocarditis; associated with European foul brood of bees and with mild outbreaks of food poisoning. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus faecalis metalloproteinase | <enzyme> Bacterial metalloproteinase from streptococcus faecalis Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- Synonym: streptococcus faecalis metalloendopeptidase, metalloproteinase (streptococcus faecalis), sf-metalloproteinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| Streptococcus lactis | A species found commonly as a contaminant in milk and dairy products; a common cause of the souring and coagulation of milk; some strains produce nisin, a powerful antibiotic that inhibits the growth of many other Gram-positive organisms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus lactis R factor | 10-formylpteroic acid;a folic acid factor for certain bacteria. Synonym: SLR factor, Streptococcus lactis R factor. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus M antigen | The somatic antigen associated with virulence and type specificity of group A streptococci. Synonym: M protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Streptococcus mitis | A species found in the human mouth, throat, and nasopharynx; ordinarily, it is not considered to be pathogenic, but this organism may be recovered from ulcerated teeth and sinuses and from blood and heart lesions in cases of subacute endocarditis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| streptococcus mutans | A polysaccharide-producing species of streptococcus isolated from human dental plaque. (12 Dec 1998) |
| streptococcus oralis | A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria that is numerous in the mouth and throat. It is a common cause of endocarditis and is also implicated in dental plaque formation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| streptococcus phages | Viruses whose host is streptococcus. (12 Dec 1998) |
| streptococcus pneumoniae | A gram-positive organism found in the upper respiratory tract, inflammatory exudates, and various body fluids of normal and/or diseased humans and, rarely, domestic animals. (12 Dec 1998) |
| streptococcus pyogenes | A species of gram-positive, coccoid bacteria isolated from skin lesions, blood, inflammatory exudates, and the upper respiratory tract of humans. It is a group a haemolytic streptococcus that can cause scarlet fever and rheumatic fever. Unlike the docile strains that cause strep throat, however, the virulent strains penetrate deep into the body, with catastrophic results. It has been demonstrated that invasive streptococcus a infections can trigger a toxic shock syndrome, chew up muscle (myositis), or destroy the sheath that covers the muscle (fasciitis, necrotizing). (12 Dec 1998) |
| Streptococcus salivarius | A species found in the human mouth, throat, and nasopharynx. (05 Mar 2000) |
| streptococcus sanguis | A gram-positive organism found in dental plaque, in blood, on heart valves in subacute endocarditis, and infrequently in saliva and throat specimens. L-forms are associated with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. (12 Dec 1998) |