| 영문 | tissue | 한글 | 조직 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 특정 구조와 기능을 갖는 세포 집단. 세포 사이에는 다소간 세포간질이 들어 있다. 세포간질에는 글리코사미노글리칸, 히드록시아파타이트와 같은 기질과 아교질섬유와 같은 섬유가 발견된다. 조직성상은 구성세포와 세포간질의 종류와 양에 의해 결정된다. 조직은 상피조직, 지지조직, 근육조직, 신경조직으로 대별되며, 상피조직은 세포간질을 거의 갖지 않으며, 지지조직은 결합조직이나 뼈조직과 같이 세포간질이 풍부한 것이 많다. |
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| 영문 | tissue biopsy | 한글 | 조직생검 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 환자의 병적인 조직의 일부를 떼어 내서 병리조직표본을 만들어서 현미경적으로 검사하는 것. 외과적 수술재료로부터 병리조직학적 검사를 하여 생체내의 병변을 추구하는 분야를 외과병리학이라고 한다. 생검에는 쐐기생검, 천자침생검, 꿰뚫기식생검, 내시경생검 외에 세포진이라고 불리우는 박리세포진이나 세척세포진 등 떨어진 세포를 도말검사하는 방법이 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | target tissue | 한글 | 표적조직 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 호르몬에 대하여 표적이 되는 세포라는 의미로서 그 호르몬에 대한 수용체를 가지고 있는 세포. 예를 들어 인슐린은 인슐린 수용체를 가진 세포를 표적세포로 하여 이 세포에만 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | subcutaneous tissue, subcutis | 한글 | 피하조직 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 피부에서 진피의 아랫부분을 말함. 여기에는 지방조직이 많다. 기능은 열의 격리, 충격흡수, 영양저장소 등이다. |
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| ECG | Electro-Cardio-Graphy(-Gram); 심전도 = EKG 1. Conducting System Structu... |
|---|---|
| EST(?) | Electric(Electro-) Shock Theraphy; 전기 충격치료 = ECT |
| ESWL | Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy - Ix for Gall Stone ... |
| TSS | Toxic Shock Syndrome |
| TSST-1 | Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin-1 = Enterotoxin type F |
acute angle
| heat-shock gene | <molecular biology> A set of genes present in most animals which are transcribed suddenly, quickly, and with coordination when the animal is exposed to certain types of stress such as a sudden temperature increase. (09 Oct 1997) |
|---|---|
| heat-shock protein | <cell biology, molecular biology, protein> Families of proteins conserved through prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and bacteria in response to hyperthermia and other environmental stresses, although some are constitutively expressed. They increase thermal tolerance and perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions. Some serve to stabilise proteins in abnormal configurations, play a role in folding and unfolding of proteins and the assembly of oligomeric complexes and may act as chaperonins. Hsp90 complexes with inactive steroid hormone receptor and is displaced upon ligand binding. Four major sub classes are recognised: hsp90, hsp70, hsp60 and small hsps. Hsps have been suggested to act as major immunogens in many infections. Acronym: HSP (12 Dec 1998) |
| heat-shock protein 27 kinase | <enzyme> Phosphorylates hsp 26 on serine residues when stimulated by tumour necrosis factor or interleukin 1 Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- Synonym: hsp 27 kinase, heat-shock protein 27 kinase, hsp27 kinase (26 Jun 1999) |
| heat-shock proteins 70 | <cell biology, protein> A class of molecular chaperones found in both prokaryotes and in several compartments of eukaryotic cells. There is evidence that these proteins can interact with polypeptides during a variety of assembly processes in such a way as to prevent the formation of nonfunctional structures. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heat-shock proteins 90 | <cell biology, protein> A class of molecular chaperones whose members act in the mechanism of signal transduction by steroid receptors. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heat-shock response | <cell biology> A constellation of responses that occur when an organism is exposed to excessive heat and other environmental stresses. Responses include synthesis of some proteins, repression of other proteins, and expression of new proteins. (12 Dec 1998) |
| heat-shock response element | <cell biology, protein> The nucleotide sequence, CNNGAANNTCCNG, which is in the promoter region of the heat-shock genes. When the animal is exposed to certain types of stress such as a sudden rise in temperature, the first thing that happens to activate these genes is the binding of the HSE by a transcriptional enhancer protein. (09 Oct 1997) |
| protein shock | The systemic reaction following the parenteral administration of a protein. (05 Mar 2000) |
| protein shock therapy | The injection of a foreign protein to induce fever as a means of treating certain diseases. Synonym: foreign protein therapy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pseudoanaphylactic shock | A reaction that is similar to anaphylactic shock, but which does not require the incubation period characteristic of induced sensitivity (anaphylaxis); it is unrelated to antigen-antibody reactions. Synonym: anaphylactoid crisis, pseudoanaphylactic shock. (05 Mar 2000) |
| high-energy shock waves | Compression waves of large amplitude, across which density, pressure, and particle velocity change drastically. (12 Dec 1998) |
| histamine shock | The shock state produced in animals by the injection of histamine; characterised by bronchiolar spasm in the guinea pig and constriction of hepatic veins in the dog. (05 Mar 2000) |
| septic shock | <microbiology> Condition of clinical shock caused by endotoxin in the blood. A serious complication of severe burns and abdominal wounds, frequently fatal. Part of the problem seems to be due to increased leucocyte adhesiveness, which leads to massive sequestration of neutrophils in the lung, increased vascular permeability and acute respiratory distress syndrome. (11 Jan 1998) |
| serum shock | Anaphylactic or anaphylactoid shock caused by the injection of antitoxic or other foreign serum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| shell shock | The World War I name for what is known today as posttraumatic stress, this is a psychological disorder that develops in some individuals who have had major traumatic experiences (and, for example, have been in a serious accident or through a war). The person is typically numb at first but later has symptoms including depression, excessive irritability, guilt (for having survived while others died), recurrent nightmares, flashbacks to the traumatic scene, and overreactions to sudden noises. Posttraumatic stress became known as such in the 70s due to the adjustment problems of some vietnam veterans. (12 Dec 1998) |