| 영문 | dumping syndrome | 한글 | 덤핑증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 부분적 위절제술 또는 위빈창자연결술을 받은 환자에게서 음식을 먹은 후에 일어나는 증후군이다. 명치 부분의 팽만감과 압박감-구역-구토 등의 복부증상 외에 탈력감-현기증-발한-가슴띔 등 순환장애 증상이 따른다. 그런 증상은 섭취한 음식물이 위에서 작은창자로 추락하듯 배출됨으로써 음식물의 무게로 인해 소화관이 아래쪽으로 쳐져든다. 작은창자벽이 급격하게 늘어나든가, 화학적 자극으로 인한 작은창자벽의 자율신경반사, 작은창자벽의 삼투압에 의해 소화관으로 수분이 급속히 대량 이동하여 순환되는 혈액의 양이 감소하여 일어난다. 주로 식사요법으로 치료하여, 약물요법으로는 아트로핀-헥사메토늄-페노바르비탈-탄산수소나트륨의 사용 및 포도당주사도 효과가 있다. 수술요법은 빌로스(Billroth) 제1법으로의 변환, 대용위의 제작 등이 있으나 확실한 것은 아니다. |
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| 영문 | Raynaud syndrome | 한글 | 레이노증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 사지의 대칭적 청색증을 특징으로 하는 증상으로서 손가락-손목 등의 피부가 지속적으로 청색과 적색으로 변하고, 손가락의 대량 땀남과 냉각을 수반한다. |
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| 영문 | battered child syndrome | 한글 | 매맞는 아이 증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 영유아나 소아가 부모 등의 보육자나 형제자매로부터 반복해서 신체적인 학대를 받아 발생하는 각종 증사의 총칭이다. 1962년 켐프(Kempe)에 의해 명명되었다. 상처를 받은 시기가 서로 차이가 있는 외상이 몸 전체 여러 곳에서 관찰되는 것이 특징이다. 피부의 손상과 얼룩출혈, 경질막하 혈종, 골절 등이 많고 극단적인 경우는 영구적 뇌손상과 죽음에 이르는 경우도 있다. 학대동기는 피해자 입장에서는 육체적-정신적 발육부전, 쌍둥이, 기형, 밤중에 우는 것, 야뇨증, 장난, 반항적 태도 등이 있으며 가해자 입장에서는 보육자의 아이에 대한 애정결핍과 과잉 기대, 육아에 대한 무지, 형제자매에 대한 시샘, 정신병, 신경증, 지능저하, 알코올 중독 등이 있고, 또 생활환경의 입장에서는 빈곤, 부부 불화, 핵가족이면서 사회적으로 고립된 가정 등을 들 수 있다. |
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| 영문 | severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS) | 한글 | 사스 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 중국 광동 지역에서 가장 먼저 발생한 전염성 호흡기 질환으로 세계보건기구(WHO)에서 ‘중증급성호흡증후군(SARS)'으로 명명했다. 섭씨 38도 이상의 고열과 기침, 호흡곤란, 저산소증, X선상의 폐렴증상 중 하나 이상의 증상이 나타나며, 두통, 근육통, 식욕부진, 피로감, 발진, 설사를 동반할 수 있다. 초기 증상은 감기와 비슷하지만 폐렴으로 발전하면 치명적일 수 있다. 현재 밝혀진 감염경로는 환자가 재채기나 기침할 때 내뿜는 침방울이고, 이것이 다른 사람의 호흡기로 들어갈 때 전염된다. 침방울이 전달되는 거리는 보통 1m로 보고 있다. 공기를 통해 전염이 가능하다는 주장이 제기됐지만 아직 확인되지 않았다. 원인균은 변종 코로나바이러스로 밝혀졌다. |
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| 영문 | congenital rubella syndrome | 한글 | 선천풍진증후군 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 임신기간 중에 산모가 풍진에 걸리면 이 풍진 바이러스는 태반을 통해서 태아에게 전달되어서 태아의 풍진감염을 일으킨다. 임신 첫 3개월 동안, 특히 임신 첫달에 태아가 풍진의 감염을 받으면, 신생아에서 선천기형, 즉 눈에서 촛점을 정확히 맞추어주는 렌즈의 역할을 하는 수정체의 혼탁(백내장), 심장기형, 귀머거리 및 심한 지능박약을 동반하는 소두증 등이 발생하는 수가 많다. |
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| CS | calf serum; campomelic syndrome; carcinoid syndrome; cardiogenic shock; caries-susceptible; carotid ... |
|---|---|
| PCS | palliative care service; Patient Care System; patterns of care study; pelvic congestion syndrome; ph... |
| NAS | nasal; National Academy of Sciences; National Association of Sanitarians; neonatal airleak syndrome;... |
| LD | 1) Lamina Densa 2) Lymphocyte Depletion 3) Lethal Dose; 치사... |
| ECFVD | extracellular fluid volume depletion |
| bile salt sulfatase | <enzyme> Produces microorganism from the faecal flora of conventional rats Registry number: EC 3.1.6.- Synonym: bile acid sulfate sulfatase (26 Jun 1999) |
|---|---|
| bile-salt sulfotransferase | <enzyme> Catalyses the sulfation of glycolithocholate and taurolithocholate Registry number: EC 2.8.2.14 Synonym: bile acid sulfotransferase, bile salt-3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate-sulfotransferase, bile salt sulfotransferase (26 Jun 1999) |
| bone-salt | The main chemical compound in bone, deposited as minute amorphous crystals in a netlike matrix of collagenous fibres containing collagen; it closely resembles the naturally occurring fluorapatite 3Ca3(PO4)2-CaF2, but is probably a hydroxyapatite in which F is replaced by OH. (05 Mar 2000) |
| brilliant green salt agar | A highly selective culture medium consisting of agar with peptone, lactose, sodium taurocholate, brilliant green, and picric acid solution used in the primary isolation of enteric pathogens such as Salmonella species. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Glauber's salt | Na2SO4-10H2O;an ingredient of many of the natural laxative waters, and also used as a hydragogue cathartic. Synonym: Glauber's salt. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Reinecke salt | An ammonium salt prepared by fusing ammonium thiocyanate with ammonium dichromate; dark red crystals; used in the detection and analysis of primary and secondary amines, including amino acids; also used as a reagent for mercury. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pepper and salt fundus | Ophthalmoscopic appearance of the fundus caused by choriocapillaris atrophy and pigment proliferation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Riviere's salt | <chemical> A systemic alkaliser, electrolyte replenisher, diuretic, and expectorant, usually administered orally. It is sometimes used in veterinary medicine as a nonirritating diuretic. Pharmacological action: diuretics, expectorants. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Rochelle salt | KNaC4H4O6;a mild saline cathartic, used as an ingredient in compound effervescent powders. Synonym: Rochelle salt, Seignette's salt, sodium potassium tartrate. (05 Mar 2000) |
| monsel's salt | <medicine> A basic sulphate of iron; so named from Monsel, a Frenchman. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| common salt | <chemical> Table salt, NaCL. (09 Oct 1997) |
| hair-salt | <chemical> A variety of native Epsom salt occurring in silky fibres. Origin: A translation of G. Haarsalz. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| salt | 1. To sprinkle, impregnate, or season with salt; to preserve with salt or in brine; to supply with salt; as, to salt fish, beef, or pork; to salt cattle. 2. To fill with salt between the timbers and planks, as a ship, for the preservation of the timber. To salt a mine, to artfully deposit minerals in a mine in order to deceive purchasers regarding its value. To salt away, To salt down, to prepare with, or pack in, salt for preserving, as meat, eggs, etc.; hence, colloquially, to save, lay up, or invest sagely, as money. Origin: Salted; Salting. 1. The chloride of sodium, a substance used for seasoning food, for the preservation of meat, etc. It is found native in the earth, and is also produced, by evaporation and crystallization, from sea water and other water impregnated with saline particles. 2. Hence, flavor; taste; savor; smack; seasoning. "Though we are justices and doctors and churchmen . . . We have some salt of our youth in us." (Shak) 3. Hence, also, piquancy; wit; sense; as, Attic salt. 4. A dish for salt at table; a saltcellar. "I out and bought some things; among others, a dozen of silver salts." (Pepys) 5. A sailor; usually qualified by old. "Around the door are generally to be seen, laughing and gossiping, clusters of old salts." (Hawthorne) 6. <chemistry> The neutral compound formed by the union of an acid base; thus, sulphuric acid and iron form the salt sulphate of iron or green vitriol. Except in case of ammonium salts, accurately speaking, it is the acid radical which unites with the base or basic radical, with the elimination of hydrogen, of water, or of analogous compounds as side products. In the case of diacid and triacid bases, and of dibasic and tribasic acids, the mutual neutralization may vary in degree, producing respectively basic, neutral, or acid salts See Phrases below. 7. That which preserves from corruption or error; that which purifies; a corrective; an antiseptic; also, an allowance or deduction; as, his statements must be taken with a grain of salt. "Ye are the salt of the earth." (Matt. V. 13) 8. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic, especially Epsom salts, Rochelle salt, or Glauber's salt. 9. Marches flooded by the tide. Above the salt, Below the salt, phrases which have survived the old custom, in the houses of people of rank, of placing a large saltcellar near the middle of a long table, the places above which were assigned to the guests of distinction, and those below to dependents, inferiors, and poor relations. See Saltfoot. "His fashion is not to take knowledge of him that is beneath him in clothes. He never drinks below the salt." (B. <medicine> Jonson) Acid salt, a salt analogous to an oxy salt, but containing sulphur in place of oxygen. Origin: AS. Sealt; akin to OS. & OFries. Salt, D. Zout, G. Salz, Icel, Sw, & Dan. Salt, L. Sal, Gr, Russ. Sole, Ir. & Gael. Salann, W. Halen, of unknown origin. Cf. Sal, Salad, Salary, Saline, Sauce, Sausage. 1. Of or relating to salt; abounding in, or containing, salt; prepared or preserved with, or tasting of, salt; salted; as, salt beef; salt water. "Salt tears." 2. Overflowed with, or growing in, salt water; as, a salt marsh; salt grass. 3. Bitter; sharp; pungent. "I have a salt and sorry rheum offends me." (Shak) 4. Salacious; lecherous; lustful. <chemistry> Salt acid, an American bombycid moth (Spilosoma acreae which is very destructive to the salt-marsh grasses and to other crops. Called also wooly bear. <botany> Salt-marsh fleabane, a small leguminous tree (Halimodendron argenteum) growing in the salt plains of the Caspian region and in Siberia. Salt water, water impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of certain seas and lakes; sometimes, also tears. "Mine eyes are full of tears, I can not see; And yet salt water blinds them not so much But they can see a sort of traitors here." (Shak) Salt-water sailor, an ocean mariner. Salt-water tailor. <zoology> See Bluefish. Origin: AS. Sealt, salt. See Salt. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| salt action | Any physicochemical effect produced by hypertonic concentrations of osmotically active electrolytes. (05 Mar 2000) |
| salt bridge | <chemistry> A U-tube containing an electrolyte that connects the two compartments of a voltaic cell, allowing ion flow without extensive mixing of the different solutions. (09 Jan 1998) |