| 영문 | congenital heart disease | 한글 | 선천심장병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 선천적으로 심장의 구조에 이상이 있는 병. |
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| 영문 | heart | 한글 | 심장 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장은 가슴의 중앙에 위치하며 오른쪽과 왼쪽반으로 나눌 수 있다. 각각은 정맥에서 피가 들어오는 방과 동맥으로 피를 내보내는 실이 있다. 심장은 정중앙선에서 왼쪽에 놓여 있다. 심장의 2개의 심방과 2개의 심실, 그리고 심방사이의 심방중격, 심실사이의 심실중격이 존재한다. 심실은 혈액을 주로 순환시키는 힘을 내는 곳으로 강한 근육층이 존재를 한다. 반면에 심방은 심실에 들어가기전에 일시적으로 피가 모이는 곳으로 근육층의 발달이 미약하다. 심방과 심실사이에 삼첨판과 승모판, 심실의 유출로에 대동맥판과 폐동맥판이 있다. 이것들은 혈액이 흐르는 방향에 거슬러 진행하는 것을 막는 기능을 한다. 그리고 심장에는 심장의 근육에 혈액을 공급하는 관상동맥이 있다. 이 심장동맥은 심장을 쌓듯이 존재한다. 심장박동의 신호는 특수한 장치에 의해서 발생이 되고 특수한 전도계를 통해서 전체의 심장으로 전도된다. 심장박동의 신호는 우선 우심방에 위치하는 동방결절(SA node)라는 곳에서 우선 생긴다. 여기에서 보내는 전기적 신호가 바로 심장을 뛰게하는 신호인 것이다. 이 신호로 말미암아 심방이 우선 수축을 한다. 그리고는 심방과 심실사이에 위치하는 방실결절(AV node)라는 곳에 일정하게 정해진 통로없이 전체의 심방을 통해서 전달이 되고 이 신호를 받은 방실결절(AV node)는 히스 다발(His bundle)과 심장전도근육섬유를 통해서 심실의 심장근육에게 이 신호를 보내주어 심실근육을 수축하게 한다. 히스다발과 심장전도근육섬유는 전체의 심실의 심근섬유에 동시에 전기적 신호를 보내어 줄 수 있게 하는 일종의 전기줄과 같은 역할을 한다.  |
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| 영문 | heart failure | 한글 | 심장기능상실 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 몸의 조직이나 기관에서 대사에 필요한 만큼 충분한 양의 혈액을 공급할 수 없을 정도로 심장기능이 저하되어 있는 상태이다. 심장기능상실은 심근이 수축할 능력이 저하되었을 때나 심장에 심박출을 하기 위한 압력이 정상보다 증가되어 정상의 심장의 수축으로는 충분한 양의 혈액을 공급할 수 없는 경우, 그리고 심장근육, 심장에 걸리는 압력은 정상이나 심장박동의 이상에 의해서 정상적인 수축이 불가능할 경우에 생긴다. |
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| 영문 | pacemaker(of heart) | 한글 | 심장박동기 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 심장의 전기적 자극이 병적인 상태로 발생하지 않거나, 혹은 심실로 잘 전해지지 않을 때 사용한다. 일시적 심장박동기와 영구적 심장박동기가 있으며, 각기 쓰이는 용도는 병에 따라 다르다. 요즘에 나오는 심장 박동기는 건전지의 수명도 반영구적이며, 밖에서 조정할 수 있고, 운동이나 스트레스 상황에 대한 심장의 빠른 운동에도 잘 적응할 수 있도록 만들어져 있다. |
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| 영문 | heart disease | 한글 | 심장병 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 순환기 질환 중 심장의 병. 일반적으로 심장혈관이나 심장의 병도 포함된다. 병터의 부위에 의한 병리해부학적 분류와 병인에 의한 분류가 있다. 전자는 수 십 년 전부터 쓰여져 왔으나 근년에 와서 본질적인 원인요법이 가능하게 된 이후는 후자의 분류가 의의가 있어서 많이 쓰이게 되었다. 병터 부위로는 심내막(판막)-심장근-심장막, 그 밖의 것을 들 수 있으며, 각각 심내막염-심장판막증-심근염-심근경색-심장막염-선천성 심장병(심장기형) 등이포함된다. 병인별에서는 심장기형을 비롯하여 류마치스 심장병-매독성 심장병-고혈압성 심장병-심장동맥경화성 심장병-폐성심장-세균성 심내막염-심장신경증 등으로 나누어지며, 부정맥이나 방실차단 등의 자극전도계의 장애에 의한 것도 증세의 하나로 볼 수 있다. 심장병은 자각적으로는 무증세인 것에서부터 심장기능상실로 호흡곤란까지 있다. |
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| LA | lactic acid; large amount; laser angioplasty; late abortion; late antigen; latex agglutination; left... |
|---|---|
| RS | radioscaphoid; random sample; rating schedule; Raynaud syndrome; recipient's serum; rectal sinus; re... |
| RUL | right upper eyelid; right upper lateral; right upper limb; right upper lobe |
| IHD | Ischemic Heart Disease = Coronary Heart(Artery) Disease = Atheroscler... |
| AHD | acquired hepatocerebral degeneration; acute heart disease; antihyaluronidase; antihypertensive drug;... |
| tip of auricle | A point projecting upward and posteriorly from the free outcurved margin of the helix a little posterior to its upper end. Synonym: apex auriculae, apex satyri, Woolner's tip. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| eminence of triangular fossa of auricle | <anatomy> The prominence on the cranial surface of the auricle corresponding to the triangular fossa. Synonym: eminentia fossae triangularis auricularis, agger perpendicularis, eminentia triangularis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| transverse muscle of auricle | <anatomy> A band of sparse muscular fibres on the cranial surface of the auricle, extending from the eminence of the concha to the eminence of the scapha. Synonym: musculus transversus auriculae, transverse muscle of auricle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| lobule of auricle | The lowest part of the auricle; it consists of fat and fibrous tissue not reinforced by the auricular cartilage. Synonym: lobulus auriculae, lobule of auricle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apical branch of inferior lobar branch of right pulmonary artery | <anatomy, artery> Branch (of the inferior lobar branch) of the right pulmonary artery serving the apical segment of the inferior lobe of the right lung. Synonym: ramus apicalis lobi inferioris arteriae pulmonalis dextrae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia | A congenital cardiomyopathy in which transmural infiltration of adipose tissue results in weakness and aneurysmal bulging of the infundibulum, apex, and posterior basilar region of the right ventricle and leads to ventricular tachycardia arising in the right ventricle. (12 Dec 1998) |
| atrial function, right | The haemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right atrium. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ventricular dysfunction, right | A condition in which the right ventricle of the heart exhibits a decreased functionality. This decreased function could lead to congestive heart failure or myocardial infarction, among other cardiovascular diseases. Diagnostic measurements that indicate this condition include a diminished ejection fraction and a depressed level of motility of the right ventricular wall. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ventricular function, right | The haemodynamic and electrophysiological action of the right ventricle. (12 Dec 1998) |
| right | 1. That which is right or correct. Specifically: The straight course; adherence to duty; obedience to lawful authority, divine or human; freedom from guilt, the opposite of moral wrong. A true statement; freedom from error of falsehood; adherence to truth or fact. "Seldom your opinions err; Your eyes are always in the right." (Prior) A just judgment or action; that which is true or proper; justice; uprightness; integrity. "Long love to her has borne the faithful knight, And well deserved, had fortune done him right." (Dryden) 2. That to which one has a just claim. Specifically: That which one has a natural claim to exact. "There are no rights whatever, without corresponding duties." (Coleridge) That which one has a legal or social claim to do or to exact; legal power; authority; as, a sheriff has a right to arrest a criminal. That which justly belongs to one; that which one has a claim to possess or own; the interest or share which anyone has in a piece of property; title; claim; interest; ownership. "Born free, he sought his right." (Dryden) "Hast thou not right to all created things?" (Milton) "Men have no right to what is not reasonable." (Burke) Privilege or immunity granted by authority. 3. The right side; the side opposite to the left. "Led her to the Souldan's right." (Spenser) 4. In some legislative bodies of Europe (as in France), those members collectively who are conservatives or monarchists. See Center. 5. The outward or most finished surface, as of a piece of cloth, a carpet, etc. at all right, at all points; in all respects. Bill of rights, a list of rights; a paper containing a declaration of rights, or the declaration itself. See Bill. By right, By rights, or By good rights, rightly; properly; correctly. "He should himself use it by right." (Chaucer) "I should have been a woman by right." (Shak) Divine right, or Divine right of kings, a name given to the patriarchal theory of government, especially to the doctrine that no misconduct and no dispossession can forfeit the right of a monarch or his heirs to the throne, and to the obedience of the people. To rights. In a direct line; straight. At once; directly. To set to rights, To put to rights, to put in good order; to adjust; to regulate, as what is out of order. Writ of right, a writ which lay to recover lands in fee simple, unjustly withheld from the true owner. Origin: AS. Right. See Right. 1. Straight; direct; not crooked; as, a right line. "Right as any line." 2. Upright; erect from a base; having an upright axis; not oblique; as, right ascension; a right pyramid or cone. 3. Conformed to the constitution of man and the will of God, or to justice and equity; not deviating from the true and just; according with truth and duty; just; true. "That which is conformable to the Supreme Rule is absolutely right, and is called right simply without relation to a special end." (Whately) 2. Fit; suitable; proper; correct; becoming; as, the right man in the right place; the right way from London to Oxford. 5. Characterised by reality or genuineness; real; actual; not spurious. "His right wife." "In this battle, . . . The Britons never more plainly manifested themselves to be right barbarians." (Milton) 6. According with truth; passing a true judgment; conforming to fact or intent; not mistaken or wrong; not erroneous; correct; as, this is the right faith. "You are right, Justice, and you weigh this well." (Shak) "If there be no prospect beyond the grave, the inference is . . . Right, "Let us eat and drink, for to-morrow we die."" (Locke) 7. most favorable or convenient; fortunate. "The lady has been disappointed on the right side." (Spectator) 8. Of or pertaining to that side of the body in man on which the muscular action is usually stronger than on the other side; opposed to left when used in reference to a part of the body; as, the right side, hand, arm. Also applied to the corresponding side of the lower animals. "Became the sovereign's favorite, his right hand." (Longfellow) In designating the banks of a river, right and left are used always with reference to the position of one who is facing in the direction of the current's flow. 9. Well placed, disposed, or adjusted; orderly; well regulated; correctly done. 10. Designed to be placed or worn outward; as, the right side of a piece of cloth. at right angles, so as to form a right angle or right angles, as when one line crosses another perpendicularly. Right and left, in both or all directions. <medicine> Right and left coupling, a sphere in such a position that the equator cuts the horizon at right angles; in spherical projections, that position of the sphere in which the primitive plane coincides with the plane of the equator. Right is used elliptically for it is right, what you say is right, true. ""Right," cries his lordship." (Pope) Synonym: Straight, direct, perpendicular, upright, lawful, rightful, true, correct, just, equitable, proper, suitable, becoming. Origin: OE. Right, riht, AS. Riht; akin to D. Regt, OS. & OHG. Reht, G. Recht, Dan. Ret, Sw. Ratt, Icel. Rettr, Goth. Raihts, L. Rectus, p. P. Of regere to guide, rule; cf. Skr. Ju straight, right. Cf. Adroit,Alert, Correct, Dress, Regular, Rector, Recto, Rectum, Regent, Region, Realm, Rich, Riyal, Rule. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| right angle clamp | A clamp with a short 90 |
| right aortic arch | <radiology> Types: mirror image branching (95% most likely to be congenital ht disease), 90% tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) (25%) ** decreased PBF, 2.5% truncus (30-50%) ** increased PBF, 1.5% transposition (TGV) (5%), aberrant left subclavian artery (5% most likely to be congenital heart disease) (12 Dec 1998) |
| right atrioventricular valve | <anatomy> This heart valve, named for its three cusps (leaflets), divides the right atrium and the right ventricle. When the right atrium contracts blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. On closure, the tricuspid prohibits the backflow of blood into the right atrium. (19 Jan 1998) |
| right atrium | <anatomy> The thin-walled chamber of the heart which pumps blood into the right ventricle for ejection into the pulmonary circulation. (27 Sep 1997) |
| right auricular appendage | The small conical projection from the right atrium of the heart. Synonym: auricula dextra, right auricular appendage. (05 Mar 2000) |