| CR | calculation rate; calculus removed; calorie-restricted; cardiac rehabilitation; cardiac resuscitatio... |
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| MSR | macrophage scavenger receptor; Member of the Society of Radiographers; monosynaptic reflex; muscle s... |
| PR | by way of the rectum [Lat. per rectum]; far point [of accommodation] [Lat. punctum remotum]; palindr... |
| MEN | Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia ; AD Trait 1. MEN Type I(= Wermer Syndro... |
| CNH | central neurogenic hyperpnea; community nursing home |
| air bladder | 1. <anatomy> An air sac, sometimes double or variously lobed, in the visceral cavity of many fishes. It originates in the same way as the lungs of air-breathing vertebrates, and in the adult may retain a tubular connection with the pharynx or oesophagus. 2. A sac or bladder full of air in an animal or plant; also an air hole in a casting. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| allantoic bladder | A type of bladder formed as an outgrowth of the cloaca. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apex of urinary bladder | The junction of the superior and anteroinferior surfaces of the bladder, continuous above with the median umbilical ligament. Synonym: apex vesicae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| atonic bladder | A large, dilated, and nonemptying bladder; usually due to disturbance of innervation or to chronic obstruction. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bar of bladder | A fold of mucous membrane extending from the orifice of the ureter of one side to that of the other side. Synonym: plica interureterica, bar of bladder, Mercier's bar, plica ureterica, torus uretericus, ureteric fold. (05 Mar 2000) |
| base of bladder | The fundus is formed by the posterior wall which is somewhat convex. Synonym: fundus vesicae urinariae, bas-fond, base of bladder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bladder | A membranous sac that serves as a reservoir for urine. Contraction of the bladder results in urination. (27 Sep 1997) |
| bladder calcification | <radiology> Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis), major cause worldwide, 50% have calcification, can cause squamous cell carcinoma, TB and other infections, radiation cystitis, calculi, bladder neoplasms, transitional cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, leiomyosarcoma, haemangioma, neuroblastoma, osteosarcoma (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder calculi | Calculi of the urinary bladder; also known as vesical calculi, bladder stones or gravel, and cystoliths. Vesicoprostatic calculi are prostatic calculi extending into the bladder. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder cancer | The most common warning sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. The diagnosis of bladder cancer is supported by findings in the medical history and examination, blood, urine, and X-ray tests, and confirmed with a biopsy (usually during a cystoscope exam). Treatment of bladder cancer depends on the growth, size, and location of the tumour. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder cancer risks | Smoking is a major risk factor. Cigarette smokers develop bladder cancer 2-3 times more often than do nonsmokers. Quitting smoking reduces the risk of bladder cancer, lung cancer, several other types of cancer, and a number of other diseases as well. Workers in some occupations are at higher risk of developing bladder cancer because of exposure to carcinogens (cancer-causing substances) in the workplace. These workers include people in the rubber, chemical, and leather industries, as well as hairstylists, machinists, metal workers, printers, painters, textile workers, and truck drivers. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder compliance | Relationship of volume to pressure; can be calculated from a cytometrogram's pressure volume curve. Synonym: compliance of bladder. (05 Mar 2000) |
| bladder exstrophy | Congenital eversion of the urinary bladder. It is characterised by the absence of a portion of the lower abdominal wall and the anterior vesical wall, with eversion of the posterior vesical wall through the deficit. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder fistula | An abnormal passage in the bladder or between the bladder and another organ. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bladder infection | Some people are at more risk for bladder and other urinary tract infections (UTIs) than others. One woman in five develops a UTI during her lifetime. Not everyone with a UTI has symptoms. Common symptoms include a frequent urge to urinate and a painful, burning when urinating. Underlying conditions that impair the normal urinary flow can lead to more complicated UTIs. (12 Dec 1998) |