| NBT test | Nitro-Blue Tetrazolium (dye reduction) test ; Chronic Granulomatous Disease진단에 사용... |
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| OR | 1) Operating Room; 수술실 2) Open Reduction |
| O/R | Open Reduction |
| PRNT | Plaque Reduction Neutrolization Test |
| ARA | Academy of Rehabilitative Audiometry; acetylene reduction activity; American Rheumatism Association;... |
| selective reduction | <obstetrics> A technique for intrauterine termination of one or more foetuses while leaving one or more foetuses undisturbed, usually in pregnancies with foetal anomalies or with multiple gestations. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| source emission reduction plan | (SERP) A contingency plan developed to reduce emissions during an air quality emergency. (05 Dec 1998) |
| nitroblue tetrazolium reduction | <chemical> Nitroblue tetrazolium, a yellow dye, is taken up by phagocytosing neutrophils and reduced to insoluble formazan, which is deep blue, if the metabolic burst is normal. Reduction does not take place in chronic granulomatous disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| internal reduction | The relocation of a joint or realignment of a fracture through a surgical incision. most internal reductions utilise general anaesthesia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| open reduction of fractures | Reduction by manipulation of bone, after incision in skin and muscle over the site of the fracture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction | A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| oxidation-reduction electrode | An electrode capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential. See: quinhydrone electrode. Synonym: redox electrode. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction indicator | A substance that undergoes a definite colour change at a specific oxidation potential. Synonym: redox indicator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction potential | <chemistry, physics> The potential in volts of an inert metallic electrode measured in a system of an arbitrarily chosen ratio of [oxidant] to [reductant] and referred to the normal hydrogen electrode at absolute temperature. It is calculated from the following equation: where R is the gas constant expressed in electrical units, T the absolute temperature (Kelvin), n the number of electrons transferred, F the faraday and E0 the normal symbol for the potential of the system at pH 0; for biological systems E0' is often used (in which pH = 7). Compare: Nernst's equation. Synonym: redox potential. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction reaction | <chemistry> Any reaction in which electrons are removed from one molecule or atom and given to another molecule or atom. (09 Oct 1997) |
| oxidation-reduction system | <enzyme> An enzyme system in the tissues by which oxidation and reduction proceed simultaneously through the transference of hydrogen or of one or more electrons from one metabolite to another. See: oxidation-reduction. Synonym: redox system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tuberosity reduction | The surgical excision of excessive fibrous or bony tissue in the area of the maxillary tuberosity prior to the construction of prosthetic appliances. (05 Mar 2000) |
| accelerated phase of leukaemia | Refers to chronic myelogenous leukaemia that is progressing. The number of immature, abnormal white blood cells in the bone marrow and blood is higher than in the chronic phase, but not as high as in the blast phase. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acceleration phase | <cell biology, cell culture> A period of increasing growth before the log phase in a culture of microbes. After the culture is started on a medium, at first there is no growth (the lag phase) and then the microbes start to gradually grow (acceleration phase) until they reach a constant maximum rate of growth (log phase). (15 Jan 1998) |
| acute-phase protein | <haematology> These plasma proteins (in addition to fibrinogen) increase 25% or more in response to inflammation and injury are under direct control of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (hepatocyte-stimulating factor). Other proteins which increase are ceruloplasmin, C3 and C4 which increase 50% or more; alpha-1 acid glycoprotein, alpha-1 antitrypsin, haptoglobin and fibrinogen (the major determinant of viscosity 1 ) which increase two- to fourfold; C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A which increase several hundred-fold. Despite long-held clinical opinion to the contrary, available data indicate that neither ESR nor measurement of specific acute-phase reactants are useful in excluding underlying infection or inflammation regardless of the pretest probability. These proteins are secreted into the blood in increased or decreased quantities by hepatocytes in response to trauma, inflammation, or disease. They can serve as inhibitors or mediators of the inflammatory processes. Certain acute-phase proteins have been used to diagnose and follow the course of diseases or as tumour markers. See also: amyloid, c-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, viscosity. (25 Jun 1999) |