| 영문 | radiation therapy | 한글 | 방사선요법 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | X선, γ선의 전자방사선이나 전자선, 양자선, 중성자선 등의 입자방사선을 이용해, 주로 악성 종양 치료를 목적으로 하는 치료법이다. 암세포가 주위의 정상세포보다도 방사선 감수성이 높은 점을 이용하여, 정상세포의 손상을 가능한 한 최소로 억제하면서 암세포를 파괴한다. 사용되는 방사선에는 밀봉소선원에서 나오는 γ선, 직선가속기에서 얻어지는 고에너지 X선과 전자선, 텔레코발트장치에 의한 60Co의 γ선과, 베타트론에 의한 전자선, 사이크로트론에서 얻어지는 양자선, 중성자선 등이 있다. |
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| 영문 | radiation therapy | 한글 | 방사선치료 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 방사선의 살균효과나 세포를 죽이는 효과를 치료에 이용하는 방법으로, 좁은 의미로 암의 방사선치료를 의미한다. 암에 대한 방사선치료는 암세포를 죽이는데 효과가 큰 베타선을 주로 사용한다. 하지만, 이런 방사선치료는 정상세포에도 큰 영향을 끼쳐 이에 따른 기능의 장애를 가져올 수 있다. 따라서 방사선치료에 있어서는 단지 그 암세포에 대한 작용뿐만 아니라, 정상세포에 대한 작용도 고려하여 시행한다. |
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| ALV | Abelson leukemia virus; adeno-like virus; alveolar, alveolus; ascending lumbar vein; avian leukosis ... |
|---|---|
| RV | random variable; rat virus; Rauscher virus; rectovaginal; reinforcement value; renal vein; residual ... |
| SV | saphenous vein; sarcoma virus; satellite virus; selective vagotomy; semilunar valve; seminal vesicle... |
| RadLV | radiation leukemia virus |
| RS virus | Respiratory Synthitial virus |
| feline leukaemia virus | A retrovirus of the Oncornovirinae subfamily causing many proliferative (neoplastic) and degenerative (blastopenic) diseases in domestic cats, including lymphosarcoma, thymic atrophy, immune complex glomerulonephritis, foetal abortions and resorptions, and several myeloproliferative and myelodegenerative conditions; it also causes immunosuppression in infected cats. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| Friend leukaemia virus | A murine leukaemia virus producing leukaemia of the reticulum-cell type with massive infiltration of liver, spleen, and bone marrow. It infects dba/2 and swiss mice. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Friend murine leukaemia virus | <virology> Murine leukaemia virus isolated by Charlotte Friend in 1956 whilst attempting to transmit the Erlich ascites tumour by cell free extracts. Causes an unusual erythroblastosis like leukaemia, in which anaemia is accompanied by large numbers of nucleated red cells in blood. does not carry a host derived oncogene, but seems to induce tumours by proviral insertion into specific regions of host genome. (18 Nov 1997) |
| leukaemia virus, bovine | The type species of HTLV-blv viruses that causes a form of bovine lymphosarcoma (enzootic bovine leukosis) or persistent lymphocytosis. (12 Dec 1998) |
| leukaemia virus, feline | A species of mammalian type c retrovirus (retroviruses type c, mammalian) causing leukaemia, lymphosarcoma, immune deficiency, or other degenerative diseases in cats. Several cellular oncogenes confer on felv the ability to induce sarcomas (see also sarcoma virus, feline). (12 Dec 1998) |
| leukaemia virus, gibbon ape | A species of mammalian type c retrovirus (retroviruses type c, mammalian) causing leukaemia in the gibbon ape. Natural transmission is by contact. (12 Dec 1998) |
| bovine virus diarrhoea virus | A virus of the genus Pestivirus, in the family Togaviridae, causing bovine virus diarrhoea; New York, Oregon, and Indiana strains of the virus are recognised. Synonym: mucosal disease virus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abnormalities, radiation-induced | Congenital changes in the morphology of organs produced by exposure to ionizing or non-ionizing radiation. (12 Dec 1998) |
| accidents, radiation | Accidental dispersal of radioactive materials from a radiation source. Accidents at nuclear reactors can involve large groups of the population from dispersion of radioactivity into the environment and through fallout or a few individuals with high injurious doses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acoustic radiation | The fibres that pass from the medial geniculate body to the transverse temporal gyri of the cerebral cortex by way of the sublentiform part of the internal capsule. Synonym: radiatio acustica. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acute radiation syndrome | <syndrome> A syndrome caused by exposure of the body to large amounts of radiation, (e.g., from certain forms of therapy, accidents, and nuclear explosions; it is divided into three major forms which are, in ascending order of severity, the haematogic, gastrointestinal, and central nervous system-cardiovascular forms; its clinical manifestations are divided into prodromal, latent, overt, and recovery stages. (05 Mar 2000) |
| adaptive radiation | <chemistry> The evolution of new speciesor sub-species to fill unoccupied ecological niches. (06 May 1997) |
| alpha radiation | <physics, radiobiology> The most easily absorbable type of radiation, it consists of a stream of alpha particles, doubly ionised helium nuclei which are electrically charged and produce intense ionisation in matter. Alpha radiation can be deflected in electromagnetic fields. (09 Oct 1997) |
| annihilation radiation | The radiation resulting when a positron from beta positive decay comes to rest. It encounters an electron, and they annihilate each other and convert their rest mass into two 0.51-MeV gamma rays emitted in exactly opposite directions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| background radiation | <radiobiology> Level of environmental radation due to background sources. Background sources can be natural, such as cosmic rays and natural radioactive elements (principally radon, but including other elements such as isotopes of potassium (which people get substantial amounts of in foods like bananas)). They can also be man-made, such as from fossil-fuel combustion, everyday leakage from nuclear activities, and leftover from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests. Background radiation is usually distinguished from acute radiation, such as from medical X-rays, nuclear accidents, radioisotope therapy, or other short-term doses. The man-made contribution to background radiation is quite small compared to the natural contribution, medical uses dominate human exposure to acute radiation. (09 Oct 1997) |