| closed reduction | The physical manipulation of a joint or bone externally (without making a surgical incision) to affect a joint relocation or more proper anatomic alignment of broken bone fragments. Closed reductions are often performed using intravenous analgesics, local anaesthetic nerve blocks or regional anaesthesia. (27 Sep 1997) |
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| closed reduction of fractures | Reduction by manipulation of bone, without incision in the skin. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Motulsky dye reduction test | A test for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in the blood, using a mixture of brilliant cresyl blue, glucose-6-phosphate, and NADP. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pregnancy reduction, multifetal | Selective abortion of one or more embryos or foetuses in a multiple gestation pregnancy. The usual goal is to improve the outcome for the remaining embryos or foetuses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| Schmorl's ferric-ferricyanide reduction stain | <technique> A stain to test for reducing substances in tissues, including melanin, argentaffin granules, thyroid colloid, keratin, keratohyalin, and lipofuscin pigments; ferricyanide is converted into ferrocyanide which is converted to insoluble Prussian blue in the presence of ferric ions. (05 Mar 2000) |
| selective reduction | <obstetrics> A technique for intrauterine termination of one or more foetuses while leaving one or more foetuses undisturbed, usually in pregnancies with foetal anomalies or with multiple gestations. (05 Mar 2000) |
| source emission reduction plan | (SERP) A contingency plan developed to reduce emissions during an air quality emergency. (05 Dec 1998) |
| nitroblue tetrazolium reduction | <chemical> Nitroblue tetrazolium, a yellow dye, is taken up by phagocytosing neutrophils and reduced to insoluble formazan, which is deep blue, if the metabolic burst is normal. Reduction does not take place in chronic granulomatous disease. (18 Nov 1997) |
| internal reduction | The relocation of a joint or realignment of a fracture through a surgical incision. most internal reductions utilise general anaesthesia. (27 Sep 1997) |
| open reduction of fractures | Reduction by manipulation of bone, after incision in skin and muscle over the site of the fracture. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction | A chemical reaction in which an electron is transferred from one molecule to another. The electron-donating molecule is the reducing agent or reductant; the electron-accepting molecule is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Reducing and oxidizing agents function as conjugate reductant-oxidant pairs or redox pairs. (12 Dec 1998) |
| oxidation-reduction electrode | An electrode capable of measuring oxidation-reduction potential. See: quinhydrone electrode. Synonym: redox electrode. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction indicator | A substance that undergoes a definite colour change at a specific oxidation potential. Synonym: redox indicator. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction potential | <chemistry, physics> The potential in volts of an inert metallic electrode measured in a system of an arbitrarily chosen ratio of [oxidant] to [reductant] and referred to the normal hydrogen electrode at absolute temperature. It is calculated from the following equation: where R is the gas constant expressed in electrical units, T the absolute temperature (Kelvin), n the number of electrons transferred, F the faraday and E0 the normal symbol for the potential of the system at pH 0; for biological systems E0' is often used (in which pH = 7). Compare: Nernst's equation. Synonym: redox potential. (05 Mar 2000) |
| oxidation-reduction reaction | <chemistry> Any reaction in which electrons are removed from one molecule or atom and given to another molecule or atom. (09 Oct 1997) |