| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | glia cell | 한글 | 아교세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포 사이에서 그물구조를 이루며 이를 지지하는 조직. 신경아교세포는 신경모세포와 갈라진 아교모세포가 다시 여러 형태로 분화-성장한 것이다. 뇌실이나 척수중심관의 벽을 덮고 원주상 또는 입방형이며, 초기에는 유리면에 섬모가 있다. 대형세포는 별뇌실막세포는 아교세포라고 하며, 신경세포나 신경섬유 사이에 산재한다. 그 외에 희소돌기아교세포도 포함된다. |
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| 영문 | reserve cell | 한글 | 예비세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 일반적으로 상피조직에서 이미 있던 상피세포가 손상을 받아 사멸하면 매꿔지는 그 밑에 있는 미분화세포 예를 들면, 기관지 내표면을 덮는 중층 원주 상피의 기저에 있는 작은 미분화 상피 세포. |
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| 영문 | stem cell | 한글 | 줄기세포, 간세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 자기 복제를 하여 자신을 존속시키면서 한편으로는 증식과 분화를 하여 새로운 세포를 형성하는 세포로서 조혈줄기세포가 대표적이다. 조혈줄기세포는 골수에 있는 세포로서 모든 혈구세포가 여기에서 분화되어 발생한다. |
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| 영문 | renal cell carcinoma | 한글 | 콩팥세포암종 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 콩팥에 생긴 원시콩팥조직에서 발생한 암. 주로 원시세뇨관조직에서 발생한다. 대표적인 세포조직형은 염색시 세포질이 맑게 비어보이는 맑은세포암종이다. 치료는 수술과 항암화학요법이며 아주 드물지만 저절로 낫는 경우도 있는 것으로 보고되어 있다. |
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| PC | avoirdupois weight [Lat. pondus civile]; packed cells; paper chromatography; paracortex; parent cell... |
|---|---|
| PHC | personal health costs; posthospital care; premolar hypodontia, hyperhidrosis, [premature] canities [... |
| GC | ganglion cell; gas chromatography; general circulation; general closure; general condition; generali... |
| PCCM | pediatric critical care medicine; primary care case management; primary care case manager |
| PCP | parachlorophenate; patient care plan; pentachlorophenol; 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl)piperidine; periphera... |
| ICHPPC | International Classification of Health Problems in Primary Care |
|---|---|
| I.C.P.C. | International Classification of Primary Care |
| LRC-CPPT | Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial |
| MPC | Multiple primary cancer |
| PHPV | Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous |
| primary adhesion | Healing by fibrous adhesion, without suppuration or granulation tissue formation. Synonym: primary adhesion, primary union. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| primary adrenocortical insufficiency | Adrenocortical insufficiency caused by disease, destruction, or surgical removal of the adrenal cortices. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary aerodontalgia | Dental pain associated with expansion of trapped gases within a tooth, as under a filling or in an infected pulp. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary alcohol | An alcohol characterised by the univalent radical, -CH2OH. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary aldosteronism | An adrenocortical disorder caused by excessive secretion of aldosterone and characterised by headaches, nocturia, polyuria, fatigue, hypertension, potassium depletion, hypokalaemic alkalosis, hypervolaemia, and decreased plasma renin activity; may be associated with small benign adrenocortical adenomas. Synonym: Conn's syndrome, idiopathic aldosteronism. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary amenorrhoea | Amenorrhoea in which the menses have never occurred. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary amoebic meningoencephalitis | An invasive, rapidly fatal cerebral infection by soil amoebae, chiefly Naegleria fowleri, found in man and other primates and experimentally in rodents; the disease is characterised by a high fever, neck rigidity, and symptoms associated with upper respiratory infection such as cough and nausea; although organisms have been cultured from various organs, the brain is the primary focus, especially the olfactory lobes and cerebral cortex, which are first attacked by the amoebae that enter from nasal mucosa through the cribriform plate; death usually occurs two to three days after onset of symptoms. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary amputation | An amputation formerly performed during the period between trauma or incipient gangrene and suppuration. Synonym: intrapyretic amputation, primary amputation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary amyloidosis | <immunology, nephrology> A disease which is characterised by the deposition of the fibrous protein amyloid in one or more locations within the body. Amyloid deposition may occur in the kidney, brain, liver, heart, skin and lungs. A recognised complication is a restrictive cardiomyopathy. (05 Mar 1998) |
| primary anaesthetic | The compound that contributes most to loss of sensation when a mixture of anaesthetics is administered. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary antibody response | <immunology> Antibodies made upon first exposure to an antigen, mostly of the class IgM. (05 Mar 1998) |
| primary atelectasis | <chest medicine, paediatrics> A nonexpansion of the lungs after birth is known as primary atelectasis. Secondary atelectasis can occur at any age but is common in infants due to hyaline membrane disease. This form may also be seen in patients after surgery (general anaesthesia). See: atelectasis. (05 Mar 1998) |
| primary atypical pneumonia | An acute systemic disease with involvement of the lungs, caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and marked by high fever, cough, relatively few physical signs, and scattered densities on X-rays; usually associated with development of cold agglutinins and antibodies to the bacteria. Synonym: atypical pneumonia, Eaton agent pneumonia, mycoplasmal pneumonia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| primary biliary cirrhosis | <gastroenterology> A rare form of liver disease which results in the irreversible destruction of the liver and bile ducts. The cause is unknown, but is thought to be an autoimmune mechanism. (06 Mar 1998) |
| primary brain tumour | <neurology, oncology> May be subdivided into primary brain tumours and the more common, secondary brain tumours. Primary brain tumours (for example astrocytoma, craniopharyngioma, glioma, ependymoma, neuroglioma, oligodendroglioma, glioblastoma multiforme, meningioma, medulloblastoma) arise from the uncontrolled proliferation of cells within the brain. Secondary brain tumours occur from the spread of cancer into the brain from a distant cancerous organ (metastasis). Common symptoms of a brain tumour include headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, change in mentation, neurologic symptoms and loss of memory. (06 Mar 1998) |