| CPS | carbamoylphosphate synthetase; cardioplegic perfusion solution; centipoise; cervical pain syndrome; ... |
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| GCP | geriatric cancer population; granulocyte chemotactic protein |
| HARP | homeless and at-risk population |
| MPD | main pancreatic duct; maximum permissible dose; mean population doubling; membrane potential differe... |
| PDL | pancreatic duct ligation; periodontal ligament; poorly differentiated lymphocyte; population doublin... |
| synchronous cell population | <cell culture> A culture of cells that all divide in synchrony. Particularly useful for certain studies of the cell cycle, cells can be made synchronous by depriving them of essential molecules, which are then restored. Synchronisation breaks down after a few cycles, however, as individual cells have unique division rates. (19 Jan 1998) |
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| q in population genetics | The frequency of the less common of two different alternative (allelic) versions of a gene. (the frequency of the more common allele is p). (12 Dec 1998) |
| topotypical population | <zoology> Population occurring at the type locality from which the type specimen was taken. (09 Jan 1998) |
| urban population | The inhabitants of a city or town, including metropolitan areas and suburban areas. (12 Dec 1998) |
| acquired mutation | A change in a gene or chromosome that occurs in a single cell after the conception of the individual. That change is then passed along to all cells descended from that cell. Acquired mutations are involved in the development of cancer. (12 Dec 1998) |
| addition-deletion mutation | <molecular biology> A type of mutation that results from insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide into, or from, an open reading frame in the normal DNA sequence. Normally, the genetic code is read in the wrong frame, three nucleotides at a time, and the entire sequence downstream of the mutation, is translated into a polypeptide with a garbled amino acid sequence from the mutated codon onwards. These mutations may be induced by certain types of mutagens or may occur spontaneously and usually result in the generation, downstream, of nonsense, chain termination codons. Synonym: addition mutation, addition-deletion mutation, deletion mutation, reading-frameshift mutation. (21 Jun 2000) |
| addition mutation | <molecular biology> A type of mutation that results from insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide into, or from, an open reading frame in the normal DNA sequence. Normally, the genetic code is read in the wrong frame, three nucleotides at a time, and the entire sequence downstream of the mutation, is translated into a polypeptide with a garbled amino acid sequence from the mutated codon onwards. These mutations may be induced by certain types of mutagens or may occur spontaneously and usually result in the generation, downstream, of nonsense, chain termination codons. Synonym: addition mutation, addition-deletion mutation, deletion mutation, reading-frameshift mutation. (21 Jun 2000) |
| amber mutation | <molecular biology> A mutation from a codon which codes for an amino acid into the amber codon UAG, which normally signals that the translation of mRNA into an amino acid chain should stop. The mutation causes the amino acid chain to stop forming before it is actually completed. (09 Oct 1997) |
| back mutation | <molecular biology> A mutation that causes a mutant gene to revert to its original wild-type base sequence. Compare: forward mutation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| reading-frameshift mutation | <molecular biology> A type of mutation that results from insertion or deletion of a single nucleotide into, or from, an open reading frame in the normal DNA sequence. Normally, the genetic code is read in the wrong frame, three nucleotides at a time, and the entire sequence downstream of the mutation, is translated into a polypeptide with a garbled amino acid sequence from the mutated codon onwards. These mutations may be induced by certain types of mutagens or may occur spontaneously and usually result in the generation, downstream, of nonsense, chain termination codons. Synonym: addition mutation, addition-deletion mutation, deletion mutation, reading-frameshift mutation. (21 Jun 2000) |
| germinal mutation | A mutation in the germ cells (the cells which will undergo meiosis to form the gametes). Such mutations are therefore passed on to offspring. (09 Oct 1997) |
| germ-line mutation | Any detectable and heritable alteration in the lineage of germ cells. Mutations in these cells (i.e., "generative" cells ancestral to the gametes) are transmitted to progeny while those in somatic cells are not. (12 Dec 1998) |
| reverse mutation | <molecular biology> A mutation that causes a mutant gene to revert to its original wild-type base sequence. Compare: forward mutation. (09 Oct 1997) |
| chromosomal mutation | Can refer to any of a number of DNA mutations which results in a change in the protein encoded by the mutated gene, such as point mutations, insertion or deletion mutations (frameshift mutations), or nonsense mutations. More often this refers to mutations involving chromosomes, such as the inversion of part of one chromosome such that the inverted part no longer matches with its homologous pair, a translocation of one part of a chromosome to a different chromosome, deletions of parts of chromosomes, or accidents which happen during the division of the nucleus like the unequal portioning of chromosomes between the daughter cells. (09 Oct 1997) |
| missense mutation | <molecular biology> A mutation that alters a codon for a particular amino acid to one specifying a different amino acid. (18 Nov 1997) |