| inferior phrenic artery | <anatomy, artery> Origin, the first paired branch from the abdominal aorta inferior to the diaphragm; distribution, diaphragm; anastomoses, superior phrenic, internal thoracic, and musculophrenic. Synonym: arteria phrenica inferior. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| inferior phrenic lymph nodes | Small lymph nodes associated with the inferior phrenic vessels. Synonym: nodi lymphatici phrenici inferiores. (05 Mar 2000) |
| inferior phrenic vein | <anatomy, vein> The vein that drains the substance of the diaphragm and empties on the right side into the inferior vena cava, on the left side into the left suprarenal vein; often a second vein on the left side passes transversely across the diaphragm anterior to the oesophageal hiatus to enter the inferior vena cava. Synonym: vena phrenica inferior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aorticorenal ganglia | A semidetached portion of the coeliac ganglia, at the origin of each renal artery; contains the sympathetic neurons innervating the vasculature of the kidney. Synonym: ganglia aorticorenalia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Auerbach's ganglia | Collections of parasympathetic nerve cells in the myenteric plexus. See: myenteric plexus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| autonomic ganglia | Visceral ganglia. See: autonomic nervous system. (05 Mar 2000) |
| basal ganglia | <anatomy> Three large subcortical nuclei of the vertebrate brain: the putamen, the caudate nucleus and the globus pallidus. They participate in the control of movement along with the cerebellum, the corticospinal system and other descending motor systems. Lesions of the basal ganglia occur in a variety of motor disorders including Parkinson's disease and Huntingdon's chorea. (15 Nov 1997) |
| basal ganglia calcification | <radiology> Idiopathic: normal variant (50%), abnormal calcium metabolism, hyperparathyroidism, hypo-, pseudohypo-, and pseudo-pseudohypoparathyroidism, ToRCHS infection (especially CMV, toxo), tuberous sclerosis, Cockayne syndrome, Fahr syndrome (ferrocalcinosis), lipoid proteinosis (hyalinosis cutis) (12 Dec 1998) |
| cardiac ganglia | Parasympathetic ganglia of the cardiac plexus lying between the arch of the aorta and the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. Synonym: ganglia cardiaca, Wrisberg's ganglia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia | <pathology> A mass of nerve tissue (grey matter) or a group of nerve cell bodies. <anatomy> Also refers to specific groups within the brain or spinal cord (as basal ganglia). Ganglion is the singular of ganglia. (16 Dec 1997) |
| ganglia aorticorenalia | A semidetached portion of the coeliac ganglia, at the origin of each renal artery; contains the sympathetic neurons innervating the vasculature of the kidney. Synonym: ganglia aorticorenalia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia, autonomic | Clusters of neurons and their processes in the autonomic nervous system. In the autonomic ganglia, the preganglionic fibres from the central nervous system synapse onto the neurons whose axons are the postganglionic fibres innervating target organs. The ganglia also contain intrinsic neurons and supporting cells and preganglionic fibres passing through to other ganglia. (12 Dec 1998) |
| ganglia cardiaca | Parasympathetic ganglia of the cardiac plexus lying between the arch of the aorta and the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. Synonym: ganglia cardiaca, Wrisberg's ganglia. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia coeliaca | The largest and highest group of prevertebral sympathetic ganglia, located on the superior part of the abdominal aorta, on either side of the origin of the coeliac artery; contains sympathetic neurons whose unmyelinated postganglionic axons innervate the stomach, liver, gallbladder, spleen, kidney, small intestine, and ascending and transverse colon. H Synonym: ganglia coeliaca, semilunar ganglion, solar ganglia, Vieussens' ganglia, Willis' centrum nervosum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ganglia intermedia | Small sympathetic ganglia most commonly found on the communicating branches in the cervical and lumbar region. Synonym: ganglia intermedia. (05 Mar 2000) |