| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
|---|---|
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| PM | after death (Lat. post mortem); after noon [Lat. post meridiem]; mean pressure; pacemaker; pantomogr... |
| perineal surgery | An operation to remove the prostate gland through an incision made between the scrotum and the anus. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| perineal urethrotomy | external urethrotomy |
| Savage's perineal body | central tendon of perineum |
| superficial perineal pouch | The superficial compartment of the perineum; the space bounded above by the perineal membrane (inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm) and below by the superficial perineal (Colles') fascia; it contains the root structure of the penis or clitoris and associated musculature, plus the superficial transverse perineal muscle and, in the female only, the greater vestibular glands. Synonym: spatium perinei superficiale, Colles' space, superficial perineal pouch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superficial perineal space | The superficial compartment of the perineum; the space bounded above by the perineal membrane (inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm) and below by the superficial perineal (Colles') fascia; it contains the root structure of the penis or clitoris and associated musculature, plus the superficial transverse perineal muscle and, in the female only, the greater vestibular glands. Synonym: spatium perinei superficiale, Colles' space, superficial perineal pouch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| deep perineal pouch | The region between the perineal membrane and the endopelvic fascia of the floor of the pelvis occupied by the membranous part of the urethra, the bulbourethral gland (in the male), the deep transverse perineal and sphincter urethrae muscles, and the dorsal nerve and artery of the penis or clitoris. Synonym: spatium perinei profundum, deep perineal pouch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| deep perineal space | The region between the perineal membrane and the endopelvic fascia of the floor of the pelvis occupied by the membranous part of the urethra, the bulbourethral gland (in the male), the deep transverse perineal and sphincter urethrae muscles, and the dorsal nerve and artery of the penis or clitoris. Synonym: spatium perinei profundum, deep perineal pouch. (05 Mar 2000) |
| deep transverse perineal | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, ramus of ischium; insertion, with its fellow in a median raphe; action, assists sphincter urethrae with some sphincteric action on vagina in female; nerve supply, pudendal (dorsal nerve of penis/clitoris). Synonym: musculus transversus perinei profundus, deep transverse muscle of perineum, musculus sphincter vaginae, sphincter vaginae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| transverse perineal ligament | <anatomy> The thickened anterior border of the urogenital diaphragm, formed by the fusion of its two fascial layers. Synonym: ligamentum transversum perinei, Krause's ligament, ligamentum transversum pelvis, transverse ligament of pelvis, transverse ligament of perineum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abdominal external oblique muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, fifth to twelfth ribs; insertion, anterior half of lateral lip of iliac crest, inguinal ligament, and anterior layer of the rectus sheath; action, diminishes capacity of abdomen, draws thorax downward; nerve supply, thoracoabdominal nerves. Synonym: musculus obliquus externus abdominis, abdominal external oblique muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abdominal internal oblique muscle | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, iliac fascia deep to lateral part of inguinal ligament, anterior half of crest of ilium, and lumbar fascia; insertion, tenth to twelfth ribs and sheath of rectus; some of the fibres from inguinal ligament terminate in the conjoint tendon; action, diminishes capacity of abdomen, flexes lumbar vertebral column (bends thorax forward); nerve supply, lower thoracic. Synonym: musculus obliquus internus abdominis, abdominal internal oblique muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abdominal muscle deficiency syndrome | <syndrome> Congenital absence (partial or complete) of abdominal muscles, in which the outline of the intestines is visible through the protruding abdominal wall; in males, genitourinary anomalies (urinary tract dilation and cryptorchidism) are also found; genetics unclear. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abductor digiti minimi muscle of foot | Origin, lateral and medial processes of calcanean tuberosity; insertion, lateral side of proximal phalanx of fifth toe; action, abducts and flexes little toe; nerve supply, lateral plantar nerve. Synonym: musculus abductor digiti minimi pedis, abductor muscle of little toe, musculus abductor digiti quinti. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abductor digiti minimi muscle of hand | Origin, pisiform bone and pisohamate ligament; insertion, medial side of base of proximal phalanx of the little finger; action, abducts and flexes little finger; nerve supply, ulnar. Synonym: musculus abductor digiti minimi manus, abductor muscle of little finger, musculus abductor digiti quinti. (05 Mar 2000) |
| abductor muscle | <anatomy> Any muscle used to pull a body part away from the midline of the body. For example, the abductor leg muscles serve to spread the legs. The opposite of abductor is adductor. (12 Dec 1998) |