| osmophore | The group of atoms in the molecule of a compound that is responsible for the compound's characteristic odour. Origin: G. Osme, smell, + phonos, bearing (05 Mar 2000) |
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| osmoreceptor | 1. A receptor in the central nervous system (probably the hypothalamus) that responds to changes in the osmotic pressure of the blood. Origin: G. Osmos, impulsion 2. A receptor that receives olfactory stimuli. Origin: G. Osme, smell Synonym: osmoceptor. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmoregulation | <biochemistry, physiology> Processes by which a cell regulates its internal osmotic pressure. These may include water transport, ion accumulation or loss, synthesis of osmotically active substances such as glycerol in the alga Dunaliella, activation of membrane ATPases etc. (18 Nov 1997) |
| osmoregulatory | Influencing the degree and rapidity of osmosis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmose | <chemistry> The tendency in fluids to mix, or become equably diffused, when in contact. It was first observed between fluids of differing densities, and as taking place through a membrane or an intervening porous structure. The more rapid flow from the thinner to the thicker fluid was then called endosmose, and the opposite, slower current, exosmose. Both are, however, results of the same force. Osmose may be regarded as a form of molecular attraction, allied to that of adhesion. The action produced by this tendency. <physics> Electric osmose, or Electric endosmose, the transportation of a liquid through a porous septum by the action of an electric current. Origin: Gr, equiv. To impulse, fr. To push. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| osmosis | <chemistry> The movement of solvent through a membrane impermeable to solute, in order to balance the chemical potential due to the concentration differences on each side of the membrane. Frequently mis used in the popular press. (18 Nov 1997) |
| osmosity | An indirect measure of the osmotic characteristics of a solution, in terms of a comparable sodium chloride solution, now rendered obsolete by the more precisely defined term osmolality. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmotherapy | Dehydration by means of intravenous injections of hypertonic solutions of sodium chloride, dextrose, urea, mannitol, or other osmotically active substances, or by oral administration of glycerine, isosorbide, glycine, etc.; used in the treatment of cerebral oedema and increased intracranial pressure. Origin: osmosis + therapy (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmotic | <chemistry> Pertaining to or of the nature of osmosis (= the passage of pure solvent from a solution of lesser to one of greater solute concentration when the two solutions are separated by a membrane which selectively prevents the passage of solute molecules, but is permeable to the solvent). (18 Nov 1997) |
| osmotic diuresis | Diuresis due to a high concentration of osmotically active substances in the renal tubules (e.g., urea, sodium sulfate), which limit the reabsorption of water. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmotic diuretics | Drugs, such as mannitol, which by their osmotic effects retain water during urine formation and thus dilute electrolytes in the urine, making resorption less efficient; they promote the elimination of water and electrolytes in the urine. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmotic fragility | The susceptibility, or lack of resistance, of erythrocytes to haemolysis when exposed to increasingly hypotonic saline solutions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| osmotic nephrosis | Swelling of renal tubular epithelium associated with glomerular filtration of sugars and dextrose; the swelling is due to formation of cytoplasmic vesicles by pinocytosis, and is reversible, probably with no dysfunction, when produced by glucose or mannitol. (05 Mar 2000) |
| osmotic pressure | See: osmosis. The pressure required to prevent osmotic flow across a semi permeable membrane separating two solutions of different solute concentration. Equal to the pressure that can be set up by osmotic flow in this system. (18 Nov 1997) |
| osmotic shock | Passage of solvent into a membrane bound structure due to osmosis, causing rupture of the membrane. A method of lysing cells or organelles. (18 Nov 1997) |
| osmotic fragility |
susceptibility of erythrocytes to rupture when subjected to increasingly hypotonic saline solutions; seen in some forms of hemolytic anemia and spherocytosis. See also osmotic fragility test, under test.
출처: www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_hl_dorlands.jspz...
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| osmoregulation |
Osmoregulation is the active regulation of the osmotic pressure of bodily fluids to maintain the homeostasis of the body's water content; that is it keeps the body's fluids from becoming too dilute or too concentrated. Osmotic pressure is a measure of the tendency of water to move into one solution from another by osmosis. The higher the osmotic pressure of a solution the more water wants to go into the solution. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmoregulation
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| osmosis |
Osmosis is the diffusion of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration. The semipermeable membrane is permeable to the solvent, but not to the solute, resulting in a chemical potential difference across the membrane which drives the diffusion. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmosis
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| osmotic |
Osmosis is the diffusion of a solvent through a semipermeable membrane from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration. The semipermeable membrane is permeable to the solvent, but not to the solute, resulting in a chemical potential difference across the membrane which drives the diffusion. ...
출처: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmotic
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| osmolality |
The concentration of particles dissolved in a fluid. The osmolality of serum can help diagnose several medical conditions such as dehydration, diabetes, and shock.
출처: www.stjude.org/glossary
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