| 영문 | antianginal drug | 한글 | 항협심증제 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 협심증은 심장동맥의 혈류를 좋게하거나 심장이 혈류에 비해서 많은 일을 하는 것을 억제함으로써 치료될 수 있다. ① nitrate계통의 약물: 혈관을 이완시키는 작용을 함으로써 심장동맥의 혈류를 좋게 한다. ② 칼슘통로차단제(verapamil, nifedipine): 모든 근육의 수축에는 Ca이 관여한다. 즉 Ca이 있어야만 근육의 수축이 가능해진다. 그러므로 Ca이 세포속으로 들어가는 것을 억제하는 약제는 근육의 수축을 막는다. 이 약은 심장의 근육에 작용하여 심장 근육의 수축을 억제하며 심장이 과도하게 일하는 것을 막고, 또 심장동맥의 수축에 관여하는 근육에 작용을 하여 심장동맥을 이완시켜서 혈류를 좋게 한다. ③ 베타차단제(beta-blocker): 신체의 운동량이나 기타의 요구에 의해서 심장을 빨리 뛰게하는 신경은 바로 베타-교감신경이다. 교감신경계란 사람이 위급한 상황에서 작용하는 자율신경계이다. 즉 사람이 긴장하거나 싸울 경우에 전형적으로 교감신경계가 작용한다. 즉 심장이 뛰거나 소화가 않되거나 동공이 커지는 것 따위가 바로 교감신경계의 역할이라고 할 수 있다. 이 교감신경계에서 말초장기에 보내는 신경이 교감신경이다. 그러므로 심장에서 심장을 신체에 필요에 따라서 많은 일을 하게하는 신경을 차단할 경우에는 협심증을 치료할 수 있게 된다(심장의 산소나 기타 영양분의 수요를 줄인다). |
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| DUR | drug use review; drug utilization review |
|---|---|
| IVDA/IVDU | intravenous drug abuse/ abuser; intravenous drug use/user |
| Rx | drug; medication; pharmacy; prescribe, prescription, prescription drug; take [Lat. recipe]; therapy;... |
| BOP | buffalo orphan prototype [virus] |
| CELO | chick embryonal lethal orphan [virus] |
| addictive drug | Any drug that creates a certain degree of euphoria and has a strong potential for addiction. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| adverse drug reaction reporting systems | Systems developed for collecting reports from government agencies, manufacturers, hospitals, physicians, and other sources on adverse drug reactions. (12 Dec 1998) |
| akathisia, drug-induced | Motor restlessness with sensations of quivering and an urge to move about constantly resulting from the use of certain drugs, such as neuroleptic drugs, which affect the extrapyramidal region of the brain. This differs from dyskinesia, drug-induced in that long-term antipsychotic drug exposure is significantly correlated with the increased prevalence of akathisia while there is no such correlation with dyskinesia. The primary observable distinction between tardive akathisia and dyskinesia appears to be in the repetitive, stereotypy of the dyskinesic movements (lip smacking, for example), while akathisia is associated with anxiety, restlessness, and agitation (psychomotor agitation). (12 Dec 1998) |
| antineoplastic drug | A drug that stops or slows the maturation and spread of tumour cells (benign or malignant). (09 Oct 1997) |
| maintenance drug therapy | In chemotherapy, systematic dosage at a level that maintains protection against exacerbation. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rational drug design | <pharmacology> Modeling the molecular structure of the target of a drug, for example, an antigen, and then designing a drug that will attack it. (17 Dec 1997) |
| receptors, drug | Proteins that bind specific drugs with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behaviour of cells. Drug receptors are generally thought to be receptors for some endogenous substance not otherwise specified. (12 Dec 1998) |
| recreational drug | A controlled substance taken for non-medical purposes. Street drugs comprise various amphetamines, anaesthetics, barbiturates, opiates, and psychoactive drugs, and many are derived from natural sources (e.g., the plants Papaver somniferum, Cannibis sativa, Amanita pantherina, Lophophora williamsii). Slang names include acid (lysergic acid diethylamide), angel dust (phencyclidine), coke (cocaine), downers (barbiturates), grass (marijuana), hash (concentrated tetrahydrocannibinol), magic mushrooms (psilocybin), mescaline (peyote), speed (amphetamines). During the 1980s, a new class of "designer drugs" arose, mostly analogs of psychoactive substances intended to escape regulation under the Controlled Substances Act. Also, crack cocaine, a potent, smokable form of cocaine, emerged as a major public health problem. In the U.S. Illicit use of drugs such as cocaine, marijuana, and heroin historically has occurred in cycles. Synonym: recreational drug. (05 Mar 2000) |
| peak plasma drug concentration | <pharmacology> The highest level of drug that can be obtained in the blood usually following multiple doses. (09 Oct 1997) |
| chemotherapy drug sensitivity test | <investigation> A test to assess a cancerous tissue's response and vulnerability to chemotherapy drugs. This test can help predict a patients response to treatment and suggest which drugs may be useful. (16 Dec 1997) |
| metabolic detoxication, drug | Reduction of pharmacologic activity or toxicity of a drug or other foreign substance by a living system, usually by enzymatic action. It includes those metabolic transformations that make the substance more soluble for faster renal excretion. (12 Dec 1998) |
| multiple drug resistant tuberculosis | A strain of TB that does not respond to two or more standard anti-TB drugs. MDR-TB usually occurs when treatment is interrupted thus allowing mutations in the organism to occur that confer drug resistance. (09 Oct 1997) |
| crude drug | Any raw or unrefined medicinal compound in its natural form, especiallyone taken from a plant. (09 Oct 1997) |
| prescription drug | A drug requiring a prescription, a physician's order. By comparison with an over-the-counter drug. (12 Dec 1998) |
| prescriptions, drug | Directions written for the preparation and adminstration of a drug. (12 Dec 1998) |
| orphan drug |
A designation of the FDA to indicate a therapy developed to treat a rare disease (one which afflicts a US population of less than 200,000 people). Because there are few financial incentives for drug companies to develop therapies for diseases that afflict so few people, the US government offers additional incentives to drug companies (ie tax advantages and extended marketing exclusivity) that develop these drugs.
출처: www.wcctrials.com/glossary.HTM
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| orphan drug |
medicine used to treat diseases that occur rarely, generally not more than 5 in 10,000 persons; because there is little financial incentive for industry to develop them, the regulation of these products is different from normal medicines palindrome a segment of DNA or RNA that reads the same in both directions primer small nucleotide chain used as template by the DNA polymerase to synthesize a new DNA molecule sigma section of the colon with similar shape to the eighteenth letter of the ...
출처: pages.britishlibrary.net/ana/Current%20medical%20w...
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