| 영문 | organizer | 한글 | 형성체 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 수정란의 발생초기에 외배엽에 작용하고 형태형성의 중심이 되는 부분. 척추동물의 초기 발생에서 원장배原腸胚가 함입된 동물극 쪽의 부분은 중배엽, 그것을 덮는 부분이 외배엽인데, 이 중배엽 부분이 배형성 중심으로 작용하는 배역胚域이다. 그 자체는 머리부 중배엽-척삭-원체절로 분화하며 외배엽에 작용하여 중추신경계를 형성하는 작용이 있다. 1924년 H.슈페만과 H.만골트는 도롱뇽의 초기원장배의 원구배순(장차 척색과 원체절이 되는 부분)을 잘라내어 다른 동기배同期胚의 배쪽에 이식하였다. 이식체는 정상발생과 마찬가지로 함입되어 원장을 만들고, 척삭과 원체절로 분화하였다. 이식체에 뒷받침된 숙주의 외배엽은 정상에서는 표피가 되어야 할 것이 신경판을 형성하여 중추신경계와 귀 등의 감각기관으로 분화하였다. 슈페만은 이 이식체를 형성체라 불렀다 이 발견으로 1936년에 노벨생리-의학상을 받았다. 형성체는 세포를 죽여도 유효하므로 화학물질이 유효할 것이라고 생각되어 연구되었으며, 일종의 핵단백질 또는 단백질일 것이라고 생각되고 있었으나, 근래의 연구는 세포 자체의 유전정보의 중요성이 강조되고 있다. |
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| organ-specific antigen | A heterogenetic antigen with organ specificity; e.g., in addition to species-specific antigen, kidney of one species contains antigen that is identical to that in kidney of other species. Synonym: tissue-specific antigen. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| organa | Plural of organum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa genitalia | The organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal. Synonym: organa genitalia, genitalia, genitals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa genitalia feminina externa | The external feminine genital organs, the vulva and clitoris. Synonym: organa genitalia feminina externa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa genitalia feminina interna | The internal feminine genital organs, the ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, and vagina. Synonym: organa genitalia feminina interna. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa genitalia masculina externa | The external masculine genital organs, the penis and scrotum. Synonym: organa genitalia masculina externa. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa genitalia masculina interna | The internal masculine genital organs, the testes, epididymides, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands. Synonym: organa genitalia masculina interna. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa oculi accessoria | The eyelids, with lashes and eyebrows, lacrimal apparatus, conjunctival sac, and extrinsic muscles of the eyeball. Synonym: organa oculi accessoria, accessory organs, accessory visual apparatus, adnexa oculi, appendages of eye. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa sensuum | The organs of special sense, including the eye, ear, olfactory organ, taste organs, and the accessory structures associated with these organs. Synonym: organa sensuum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organa urinaria | Organs involved with the formation, storage, and excretion of urine. Synonym: organa urinaria. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organelle | <cell biology> A structurally discrete component of a cell. (18 Nov 1997) |
| organelles | Specific, usually subcellular, particles of membrane-bound organised living substances present in practically all eukaryotic cells, including mitochondria, the golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, centrioles and the cell centre, as well as the plastids of plant cells. Includes also the minute organs of protozoa concerned with such functions as locomotion and metabolism. (12 Dec 1998) |
| organic | Any foods grown without the use of chemical fertilisers or pesticides, in soil made rich by composting and mulching. Pertaining to carbon-based compounds produced by living plants, animals or by synthetic processes. (27 Sep 1997) |
| organic acid | An acid made up of molecules containing organic radicals; e.g., acetic acid, citric acid, which contain the ionizable -COOH group. (05 Mar 2000) |
| organic brain syndrome | <syndrome> A constellation of behavioural or psychological signs and symptoms including problems with attention, concentration, memory, confusion, anxiety, and depression caused by transient or permanent dysfunction of the brain. Synonym: acute organic brain syndrome, OBS, organic mental syndrome. (05 Mar 2000) |
| Corti's organ | A prominent ridge of highly specialised epithelium in the floor of the cochlear duct overlying the basilar membrane of cochlea, containing one inner row and three outer rows of hair cells, or cells of Corti (the auditory receptor cells innervated by the cochlear nerve) supported by various columnar cells: the pillars of Corti, cells of Hensen, and cells of Claudius; the spiral organ is partly overhung by an awning-like shelf, the tectorial membrane, the free marginal zone of which is covered by a gelatinous substance in which the stereocilia of the outer hair cells are embedded. Synonym: organum spirale, acoustic papilla, Corti's organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
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| critical organ | The organ or physiologic system that for a given source of radiation would first reach its legally defined maximum permissible radiation exposure as the dose of radiopharmaceutical is increased; e.g., the kidney is the critical organ when 197Hg-chlormerodrin is given. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ptotic organ | An organ with loose attachments, permitting its displacement. Synonym: floating organ, ptotic organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| spiral organ | A prominent ridge of highly specialised epithelium in the floor of the cochlear duct overlying the basilar membrane of cochlea, containing one inner row and three outer rows of hair cells, or cells of Corti (the auditory receptor cells innervated by the cochlear nerve) supported by various columnar cells: the pillars of Corti, cells of Hensen, and cells of Claudius; the spiral organ is partly overhung by an awning-like shelf, the tectorial membrane, the free marginal zone of which is covered by a gelatinous substance in which the stereocilia of the outer hair cells are embedded. Synonym: organum spirale, acoustic papilla, Corti's organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neuromast organ | A structure in fish consisting of a long groove or canal extending along each side of the trunk and tail and branching in the head region; the groove or tube is lined with neuroepithelial cells, some of which are in groups known as neuromasts; its function appears to be the detection of vibrations of low frequency. Synonym: neuromast organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| neurotendinous organ | <cell biology, physiology> A proprioceptive sensory nerve ending embedded among the fibres of a tendon, often near the musculotendinous junction; it is compressed and activated by any increase of the tendon's tension, caused either by active contraction or passive stretch of the corresponding muscle. Synonym: neurotendinous organ, neurotendinous spindle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| subcommissural organ | An ependymal derivative located at the junction of the third ventricle and the cerebral aqueduct, secreting somatostatin. (12 Dec 1998) |
| subfornical organ | A structure, situated close to the intraventricular foramen, which induces drinking behaviour after stimulation with angiotensin II. (12 Dec 1998) |
| intromittent organ | <anatomy> The male organ of copulation and of urinary excretion, comprising a root, body and extremity or glans penis. The root is attached to the descending portions of the pubic bone by the crura, the latter being the extremities of the corpora cavernosa and beneath them the corpus spongiosum, through which the urethra passes. The glans is covered with mucous membrane and ensheathed by the prepuce or foreskin. The penis is homologous with the clitoris in the female. (18 Nov 1997) |
| olfactory organ | The olfactory region in the superior portion of the nasal cavity. Synonym: organum olfactus, organ of smell. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tactile organ | Any one of the sensory end organs. Synonym: organum tactus, tactile organ. (05 Mar 2000) |
| target organ | A tissue or organ upon which a hormone exerts its action; generally, a tissue or organ with appropriate receptors for a hormone. Synonym: target. (05 Mar 2000) |
| eco-organ | <ecology> An ecological feature which mirrors environmental conditions. A type of vegetation based on such a feature. (11 Oct 1998) |
| electric organ | In about 250 species of electric fishes, modified muscle fibres forming disklike multinucleate plates arranged in stacks like batteries in series and embedded in a gelatinous matrix. A large torpedo ray may have half a million plates. Muscles in different parts of the body may be modified, i.e., the trunk and tail in the electric eel, the hyobranchial apparatus in the electric ray, and extrinsic eye muscles in the stargazers. Powerful electric organs emit pulses in brief bursts several times a second. They serve to stun prey and ward off predators. A large torpedo ray can produce of shock of more than 200 volts, capable of stunning a human. (storer et al., general zoology, 6th ed, p672) (12 Dec 1998) |
| enamel organ | Epithelial cells surrounding the dental papilla and differentiated into three layers: the inner enamel epithelium, consisting of ameloblasts which eventually form the enamel, and the enamel pulp and external enamel epithelium, both of which atrophy and disappear before and upon eruption of the tooth, respectively. (12 Dec 1998) |
Synonyms : Organ Specificities, Specificities, Organ, Specificity, Organ
Synonyms : Graftings, Organ, Organ Grafting, Organ Graftings, Organ Transplantations, Transplantations, Organ
Synonyms : Organelle Shapes, Shape, Organelle, Shapes, Organelle
Synonyms : Organelle Volume, Organelle Sizes, Organelle Volumes, Size, Organelle, Sizes, Organelle, Volume, Organelle, Volumes, Organelle
Synonyms : Organelle
| organic evolution |
evolution: (biology) the sequence of events involved in the evolutionary development of a species or taxonomic group of organisms
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| organic chemistry |
the chemistry of compounds containing carbon (originally defined as the chemistry of substances produced by living organisms but now extended to substances synthesized artificially)
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| organicism |
theory that the total organization of an organism rather than the functioning of individual organs is the determinant of life processes
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| organismal |
of or relating to or belonging to an organism (considered as a whole); "the organismic theory of the state"
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| organic compound |
any compound of carbon and another element or a radical
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| organ | an operation moving an organ from one person (the donor) to another (the recipient) |
|---|---|
| organ | a street musician who plays a hand organ or hurdy-gurdy |
| organ | a sheer stiff muslin |
| organ | a sheer stiff muslin |
| organ | a specialized part of a cell |
| organ | a fertilizer that is derived from animal or vegetable matter |
| organ | constitutional in the structure of something (especially your physical makeup) |
| organ | (pathology) involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs |
| organ | (chemistry) relating or belonging to the class of chemical compounds having a carbon basis |
| organ | being or relating to or derived from or having properties characteristic of living organisms |
| organ | of or relating to or derived from living organisms |
| organ | mental abnormality resulting from disturbance of the structure or function of the brain |