| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| ASM | acid sphingomyelinase; airway smooth muscle; American Society for Microbiology; anterior scalenus mu... |
|---|---|
| CM | California mastitis [test]; calmodulin; capreomycin; carboxymethyl; cardiac murmur; cardiac muscle; ... |
| LM | lactic acid mineral [medium]; lactose malabsorption; laryngeal mask; laryngeal muscle; lateral malle... |
| MG | Marcus Gunn [pupil]; margin; medial gastrocnemius [muscle]; membranous glomerulonephritis; menopausa... |
| MS | Maffuci syndrome; maladjustment score; mandibular series; Marfan syndrome; Marie-Strumpell [syndrome... |
| axis bulbi externus | That part of the optic axis from the midpoint of anterior surface of the cornea to the posterior surface of the posterior pole of the external surface of the sclera. Synonym: axis bulbi externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| vagina musculi recti abdominis | Sheath of the rectus abdominis, formed by the aponeuroses of the three anterolateral muscles of the abdominal wall that split to enclose the rectus and fuse medially to form the linea alba; it consists of an anterior lamina and a posterior lamina, the latter being absent below the arcuate line. See: aponeurosis of external abdominal oblique muscle, aponeurosis of internal abdominal oblique muscle. Synonym: vagina musculi recti abdominis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ramus externus nervi accessorii | <anatomy, nerve> Originates from the upper five or six cervical spinal segments, emerges from the lateral surface of the spinal cord and ascends through the foramen magnum to join the cranial root. Synonym: radices spinales nervi accessorii, ramus externus nervi accessorii, pars spinalis nervi accessorii, spinal part of accessory nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| ramus externus nervi laryngei superioris | <anatomy, nerve> Terminal branch of superior laryngeal nerve (with internal laryngeal nerve) supplying motor innervation to cricothyroid muscle. Synonym: ramus externus nervi laryngei superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| venae subcutaneae abdominis | The network of superficial veins of the abdominal wall that empty into the thoracoepigastric, superficial epigastric, or superior epigastric veins and form portocaval anastomoses through their communications with the paraumbilical veins. Synonym: venae subcutaneae abdominis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| paries externus ductus cochlearis | The wall that faces the outer side of the cochlea. Synonym: paries externus ductus cochlearis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rectus abdominis | A long flat muscle that extends along the whole length of both sides of the abdomen. It flexes the vertebral column, particularly the lumbar portion; it also tenses the anterior abdominal wall and assists in compressing the abdominal contents. It is frequently the site of haematomas. In reconstructive surgery it is often used for the creation of myocutaneous flaps. (12 Dec 1998) |
| regiones abdominis | The topographical subdivisions of the abdomen; based on subdividing the abdomen by the transpyloric, interspinous and midclavicular planes; including the right and left hypochondriac, right and left lateral, right and left inguinal, and the unpaired epigastric, umbilical and pubic regions. Synonym: regiones abdominis, abdominal zones. (05 Mar 2000) |
| cavum abdominis | <anatomy> That portion of the body extending from beneath the diaphragm down to the pelvis. It contains all the abdominal organs. (27 Sep 1997) |
| meatus acusticus externus | The passage leading inward through the tympanic portion of the temporal bone, from the auricle to the tympanic membrane; it consists of a bony (inner) portion and a fibrocartilaginous (outer) portion, the cartilaginous external acoustic meatus. Synonym: meatus acusticus externus, acoustic meatus, antrum auris, auditory canal, external auditory meatus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| membrana abdominis | <anatomy> The smooth serous membrane which lines the cavity of the abdomen, or the whole body cavity when there is no diaphragm, and, turning back, surrounds the viscera, forming a closed, or nearly closed, sac. Alternative forms: peritonaeum. Origin: L. Peritoneum, peritonaeum, Gr, fr. To stretch all around or over; around + to stretch. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| plexus caroticus externus | An autonomic plexus formed by the external carotid nerves surrounding the artery of the same name, and giving origin to a number of secondary plexus's along the branches of this artery and to branches to the carotid body. Synonym: plexus caroticus externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| plexus iliacus externus | A lymphatic plexus formed by the lymph nodes along the external iliac artery on either side, and their afferent and efferent vessels. Synonym: plexus iliacus externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| plexus maxillaris externus | An autonomic plexus on the facial artery derived from the external carotid plexus; it sends a branch to the submandibular ganglion. Synonym: external maxillary plexus, plexus maxillaris externus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| musculi abdominis | Muscles forming the wall of the abdomen including rectus abdominis, external and internal oblique muscles, transversus abdominis, and quadratus abdominis. Synonym: musculi abdominis. (05 Mar 2000) |