| 영문 | smooth muscle | 한글 | 민무늬근육, 평활근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 근육 중에서 가로무늬가 없는 근. 가로무늬근에 대응되는 말이다. 척추동물에서는 심장근 이외의 내장근은 모두가 민무늬근이다. 많은 내장장기의 벽에 분포되어 있으며, 대개 돌림층과 세로층의 두 층으로 배열되어 있다. 소화관이나 요관 같은 관모양의 구조에서는 꿈틀운동을 일으켜 내용물이 아래로 내려가게 하는 작용을 한다. 항문관, 위, 요도 등에서는 돌림층의 근육이 특히 두꺼워져 내용물이 내려가는 것을 조절하는 조임근육이 형성되어 있다. 혈관에는 돌림층만 있으며, 혈관을 수축하여 혈액을 쥐어짜는 작용을 한다. 또한 자율신경의 지배를 받으며, 우리의 의지와 관계없이 작용한다. |
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| 영문 | voluntary muscle | 한글 | 수의근 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 의지의 힘으로 움직일 수 있는 근육. 골격근 외에 피부 내의 피근, 관절주머니에 부착하고 있는 관절근 등이 여기에 속한다. 수의근의 근섬유에는 가로무늬가 있으므로 가로무늬근이라고도 하나, 심장근은 가로 무늬가 있어도 수의근이 아니므로 수의근과 가로무늬근은 동의어는 아니다. 수의근의 운동은 민무늬근보다 빠르다. 수의근이라 해도 골격근 등은 근육무리로서 움직일 수 있으나, 개개의 근육은 따로따로 마음대로 움직이게 할 수 없다. 귓바퀴근육은 사람의 경우 발육이 나빠 마음대로 움직이게 하기 어렵다. |
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| 영문 | facial muscle | 한글 | 얼굴근육 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 얼굴의 피부를 움직이고 이에 부착되어 있는 얼굴신경의 공급을 받는 수많은 근육을 포함하는 얼굴표정근이나 모방근. |
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| LSR | lanthanide shift reagent; lecithin/ sphingomyelin ratio; left superior rectus [muscle]; liver/spleen... |
|---|---|
| RSO | radiation safety officer; Resident Surgical Officer; right superior oblique [muscle] |
| RSR | regular sinus rhythm; relative survival rate; right superior rectus [muscle] |
| SC | conditioned stimulus; sacrococcygeal; Sanitary Corps; scalenus [muscle]; scapula; Schwann cell; scia... |
| SM | Master of Science; sadomasochism; self-monitoring; silicon microphysiometer; simple mastectomy; skim... |
| superior dental branches of superior dental plexus | Branches passing from the superior dental plexus to the roots of the teeth of the upper jaw. Synonym: rami dentales superiores plexus dentalis superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| superior gingival branches of superior dental plexus | Branches of superior dental plexus to gingiva of upper jaw. Synonym: rami gingivales superiores plexus dentalis superioris. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior lingular branch of lingular branch of superior lobar left pulmonary artery | <anatomy, artery> Branch (of the lingular branch) of the left pulmonary artery serving the superior lingular segment of the superior lobe of the left lung. Synonym: ramus lingularis superior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor muscle of pharynx | pterygopharyngeal part of superior constrictor muscle of pharynx |
| serratus posterior superior muscle | <anatomy> Origin, from spinous processes of two lower cervical and two upper thoracic vertebrae; insertion, into lateral side of angles of second to fifth ribs; nerve supply, first to fourth intercostals. Synonym: musculus serratus posterior superior, superior posterior serratus muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior belly of omohyoid muscle | <anatomy> The superior belly of the omohyoid muscle, attached to the hyoid bone. Synonym: venter superior musculi omohyoidei. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior constrictor muscle of pharynx | Origin, medial pterygoid plate (pterygopharyngeal part), pterygomandibular raphe (buccopharyngeal part), mylohyoid line of mandible (mylopharyngeal part), and the mucous membrane of the floor of the mouth and the side of the tongue (glossopharyngeal part); insertion, pharyngeal raphe in the posterior wall of the pharynx; action, narrows pharynx; nerve supply, pharyngeal plexus. Synonym: musculus constrictor pharyngis superior, musculus cephalopharyngeus. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior longitudinal muscle of tongue | An intrinsic muscle of the tongue, running from base to tip on the dorsum just beneath the mucous membrane; action, shortens the upper part of the tongue; nerve supply, motor by hypoglossal, sensory by lingual. Synonym: musculus longitudinalis superior, superficial lingual muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior oblique muscle of head | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, transverse process of atlas; insertion, lateral third of inferior nuchal line; action, rotates head; nerve supply, suboccipital. See: suboccipital muscles. Synonym: musculus obliquus capitis superior, superior oblique muscle of head. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior posterior serratus muscle | <anatomy> Origin, from spinous processes of two lower cervical and two upper thoracic vertebrae; insertion, into lateral side of angles of second to fifth ribs; nerve supply, first to fourth intercostals. Synonym: musculus serratus posterior superior, superior posterior serratus muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| superior tarsal muscle | <anatomy> A well defined layer of smooth muscle that extends from the aponeurosis of the musculus levator palpebrae superioris to the superior tarsus; it is innervated by sympathetic nerves and acts to hold the upper lid in an elevated position; its paralysis in Horner's syndrome result in ptosis. Synonym: musculus tarsalis superior, Muller's muscle. (05 Mar 2000) |
| tendon sheath of superior oblique muscle | <anatomy> The synovial sheath enclosing the tendon of the superior oblique muscle as it passes through the trochlea. Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi obliqui superioris, synovial trochlear bursa, trochlear synovial bursa, vagina synovialis trochleae. (05 Mar 2000) |
| apex capitis fibulae | The pointed upper end of the fibular head to which is attached the arcuate popliteal ligament and part of the biceps femoris tendon. Synonym: apex capitis fibulae, styloid process of fibula. (05 Mar 2000) |
| articulatio capitis costae | The synovial joint between a rib and bodies of two adjacent vertebrae; the joint cavity is divided by an intra-articular ligament which attaches to the intervertebral disk; the first, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth ribs articulate with only one vertebra. Synonym: articulatio capitis costae, capitular joint. (05 Mar 2000) |
| rectus capitis anterior | <anatomy, muscle> Origin, transverse process and lateral mass of atlas; insertion, basilar process of occipital bone; action, turns and inclines head forward; nerve supply, ventral primary ramus of first and second cervical spinal nerve. Synonym: musculus rectus capitis anterior, anterior rectus muscle of head, musculus rectus capitis anticus minor. (05 Mar 2000) |