| nitrate | <chemistry> A salt of nitric acid. Nitrate of silver, a white crystalline salt (AgNO3), used in photography and as a cauterizing agent. Synonym: lunar caustic. Origin: Cf. F. Nitrate. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
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| nitrate reductase | <enzyme> Narg, narh, nari, and narj are subunits of membrane-bound nitrate reductase from denitrifying bacteria Registry number: EC 1.7.99.4 Synonym: respiratory nitrate reductase, nasb gene product, narb gene product, niad gene product, narg gene product, narh gene product, nari gene product, narj gene product (26 Jun 1999) |
| nitrate reductases | <enzyme> Registry number: EC 1.- (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitrate respiration | The process of respiration used by some anaerobic organisms, in which nitrate rather than molecular oxygen is used to oxidise organic molecules to obtain energy. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nitrated | 1. <chemistry> Combined, or impregnated, with nitric acid, or some of its compounds. 2. <photography> Prepared with nitrate of silver. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nitrates | A group of medications that are made from a chemical with a nitrogen base. Nitrates relax smooth muscle, dilate veins, lower blood pressure and improve blood flow through the coronary arteries. Examples include: nitroglycerin, erythrityl tetranitrate, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate and pentaerythritol tetranitrate. (27 Sep 1997) |
| nitratine | <chemical> A mineral occurring in transparent crystals, usually of a white, sometimes of a reddish gray, or lemon-yellow, colour; native sodium nitrate. It is used in making nitric acid and for manure. Synonym: soda niter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nitrazepam | <chemical> 1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-5-phenyl-2h-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one. A benzodiazepine derivative used as an anticonvulsant and hypnotic. Pharmacological action: anti-anxiety agents, anticonvulsants, gaba modulators, sedatives, nonbarbiturate. Chemical name: 2H-1,4-Benzodiazepin-2-one, 1,3-dihydro-7-nitro-5-phenyl- (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitre | 1. <chemistry> A white crystalline semitransparent salt; potassium nitrate; saltpeter. See Saltpeter. 2. <chemistry> Native sodium carbonate; natron. "For though thou wash thee with niter, and take thee much soap, yet thine iniquity is marked before me." (Jer. Ii. 22) Cubic niter, a deliquescent salt, sodium nitrate, found as a native incrustation, like niter, in Peru and Chili, whence it is known also as Chili saltpeter. <botany> Niter bush, a genus (Nitraria) of thorny shrubs bearing edible berries, and growing in the saline plains of Asia and Northern Africa. Origin: F. Nitre, L. Nitrum native soda, natron, Gr.; cf. Ar. Nitn, natrn natron. Cf. Natron. <chemistry> See Niter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nitrendipine | <chemical> Ethyl methyl 2,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4- (3-nitrophenyl)-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate. A calcium channel blocker with marked vasodilator action. It is an effective antihypertensive agent and differs from other calcium channel blockers in that it does not reduce glomerular filtration rate and is mildly natriuretic, rather than sodium retentive. Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, calcium channel blockers, vasodilator agents. Chemical name: 3,5-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-, ethyl methyl ester (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitric | <chemistry> Of, pertaining to, or containing, nitrogen; specifically, designating any one of those compounds in which, as contrasted with nitrous compounds, the element has a higher valence; as, nitric oxide; nitric acid. Nitric acid, a colourless or yellowish liquid obtained by distilling a nitrate with sulphuric acid. It is powerfully corrosive, being a strong acid, and in decomposition a strong oxidizer. Nitric anhydride, a white crystalline oxide of nitrogen (N2O5), called nitric pentoxide, and regarded as the anhydride of nitric acid. Nitric oxide, a colourless poisous gas (NO) obtained by treating nitric acid with copper. On contact with the air or with oxygen, it becomes reddish brown from the formation of nitric dioxide or peroxide. Origin: Cf. F. Nitrique. See Niter. Source: Websters Dictionary (01 Mar 1998) |
| nitric acid | <chemical> Nitric acid (hno3). A colourless liquid that is used in the manufacture of inorganic and organic nitrates and nitro compounds for fertilisers, dye intermediates, explosives, and many different organic chemicals. Continued exposure to vapor may cause chronic bronchitis; chemical pneumonitis may occur. Chemical name: Nitric acid (12 Dec 1998) |
| nitric acid reductase | <enzyme> Found in pseudomonas stutzerie; transforms nitric oxide to nitrous oxide in an ascorbate-phenazine methosulfate-dependent reaction; not EC 1.7.99.2 Registry number: EC 1.7.99.- (26 Jun 1999) |
| nitric oxide | <biochemistry> This compound is produced from L arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase. Acts as a potent vasorelaxant via elevation of intracellular cGMP in vascular smooth muscle. Synthesis of nitric oxide is not confined to endothelium, isoforms of nitric oxide synthase are also found in brain, neutrophils and platelets. Synonym: endothelium derived relaxation factor. Acronym: NO (29 Dec 1997) |
| nitric oxide synthase | <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the conversion of l-arginine, NADPH, and oxygen to citrulline, nitric oxide, and NADP+. The enzyme found in brain, but not that induced in lung or liver by endotoxin, requires calcium.There are two isoforms, one constitutive and one activated by calmodulin. Chemical name: L-Arginine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (nitric-oxide-forming) Registry number: EC 1.14.13.39 Acronym: NOS (12 Dec 1998) |