| 영문 | optic nerve | 한글 | 시각신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 시각을 인지하는 신경. 이 신경은 단지 감각신경으로서만 작용한다. 따라서 어떤 사물을 따라 눈을 움직일 수 있는 것은 이 시각신경과는 무관하다(이것은 눈돌림신경(oculomotor nerve)에 의해 가능하다). 또한 시각신경은 고위중추신경계인 뇌에서 직접 분지하므로 손상시 재생은 불가능하며, 이에 대한 치료법은 없다. |
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| 영문 | nerve cell | 한글 | 신경세포 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 신경세포는 올바른 신경전달을 위한 각 부분별로 나뉘어져 있다. 신경세포에서는 전해져오는 자극을 전기적인 신호로 바뀌어 보내거나 받게 된다. 이런 전기적인 현상은 각 신경세포내에 존재하는 각 이온채널(ion channel: ion이란 나트륨, 칼륨 등을 지칭하는 말들로써, 이들이 세포막에 의해 나뉘어질 때 생기는 전압차가 전기적 자극을 일으키고 유지하는데 결정적인 역할을 한다)들의 작용에 의해 이루어지게 된다. |
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| 영문 | facial nerve | 한글 | 얼굴신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 표정근을 지배하는 큰 운동신경과 작은 중간신경으로 구성된다. 좁은 의미의 얼굴신경과 중간신경으로 이루어지는 혼합신경이다. 속귀신경과 함께 속귓길로 들어가고 그 바닥에서 속귀신경과 갈라져 얼굴신경관으로 들어가, 거의 직각으로 구부러지는 부분을 얼굴신경무릎이라 하며, 여기에 무릎신경마디가 있다. |
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| 영문 | sural nerve | 한글 | 장딴지신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 안쪽장딴지피부신경 및 온장딴지신경의 교통지에서 시작하여 가쪽배쪽피부신경 및 가쪽발꿈치가지의 가지를 낸다. 넙다리 등쪽의 피부, 발꿈치와 발의 가쪽의 피부 및 관절에 분포하며, 일반 감각성 기능을 한다. |
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| 영문 | spinal nerve | 한글 | 척수신경 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 설명 | 척수의 앞뿔에서 출발하는 운동신경과 뒷뿔으로 들어오는 감각신경이 합쳐서 형성되는 신경으로서 총 31쌍이 존재함. 목뼈신경이 8쌍, 자등뼈신경이 12쌍, 허리뼈의 신경이 5쌍, 엉치뼈의 6쌍을 이룸. |
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| NCV | Nerve Conduction Velocity |
|---|---|
| RNS test | Repetitive Nerve Stimulation test |
| TENS | Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation |
| ADN | antideoxyribonuclease; aortic depressor nerve; associate degree in nursing |
| AIN | acute interstitial nephritis; American Institute of Nutrition; anterior interosseous nerve |
| nerve fascicle | A bundle of nerve fibres surrounded by perineurium. (05 Mar 2000) |
|---|---|
| nerve fibre | The axon of a nerve cell, ensheathed by oligodendroglia cells in brain and spinal cord, and by Schwann cells in peripheral nerves. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve fibres | Slender processes of neurons, especially the prolonged axons that conduct nerve impulses. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve fibres, myelinated | Grayish white nerve fibres whose axons are encased in a myelin sheath which may in turn be enclosed by a neurilemma (a thin membrane spirally enwrapping the myelin layers). (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve field | The regional distribution of nerve terminals. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve force | An obsolete terms denoting the property of nerve tissue to conduct stimuli. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve graft | A nerve, or part of a nerve, used as a graft. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve growth cone | <cell biology> A specialised region at the tip of a growing neurite that is responsible for sensing the local environment and moving toward the neuron's target cell. Growth cones are hand shaped, with several long filopodia that differentially adhere to surfaces in the embryo. Growth cones can be sensitive to several guidance cues, for example: surface adhesiveness, growth factors, neurotransmitters and electric fields (galvanotropism). (18 Nov 1997) |
| nerve growth factor | <growth factor> A peptide (13.26 kD) of 118 amino acids (usually dimeric) with both chemotropic and chemotrophic properties for sympathetic and sensory neurons. Found in a variety of peripheral tissues, nerve growth factor attracts neurites to the tissues by chemotropism, where they form synapses. The successful neurons are then protected from neuronal death by continuing supplies of nerve growth factor. It is also found at exceptionally high levels in snake venom and male mouse submaxillary salivary glands, from which it is commercially extracted. Nerve growth factor was the first of a family of nerve tropic factors to be discovered. Amino acids 1-81 show homology with proinsulin. Besides its peripheral actions, nerve growth factor selectively enhances the growth of cholinergic neurons that project to the forebrain and that degenerate in Alzheimer's disease. Acronym: NGF (18 Nov 1997) |
| nerve growth factor antiserum | An antiserum containing antibodies against nerve growth factor; when injected into newborn animals the majority of sympathetic ganglion cells are permanently destroyed, resulting in hypoinnervation of peripheral tissues. Synonym: NGF antiserum. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve growth factors | Factors which enhance the growth potentialities of sensory and sympathetic nerve cells. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve implantation | Planting one nerve into the sheath of another nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| nerve impulse | An action potential. (18 Nov 1997) |
| nerve net | A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction. (12 Dec 1998) |
| nerve of external acoustic meatus | A branch of the auriculotemporal nerve supplying the lining of the external acoustic meatus. Synonym: nervus meatus acustici externi. (05 Mar 2000) |
| acoustic nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The 8th cranial nerve. The acoustic (or vestibulocochlear) nerve has a cochlear part which is concerned with hearing and a vestibular part which mediates the sense of balance and head position. The fibres of the cochlear nerve originate from neurons of the spiral ganglion and project to the cochlear nuclei. The fibres of the vestibular nerve arise from neurons of scarpa's ganglion and project to the vestibular nuclei. (12 Dec 1998) |
|---|---|
| acoustic nerve diseases | Diseases of the eighth cranial nerve. These include vestibular neuronitis, cochlear neuritis and acoustic neuroma. (12 Dec 1998) |
| afferent nerve | <anatomy, physiology> A nerve which transmits impulses from the tissues to the brain and spinal cord (for example sensory nerve). (27 Sep 1997) |
| Andersch's nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A nerve from the inferior ganglion of the glossopharyngeal nerve, passing through the tympanic canaliculus to the tympanic cavity, forming there the tympanic plexus which supplies the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity, mastoid cells, and auditory tube; presynaptic parasympathetic fibres also pass through the tympanic nerve via the lesser superficial petrosal nerve to the otic ganglion, where they synapse with postsynaptic fibres that continue to supply the parotid gland. Synonym: nervus tympanicus, Andersch's nerve, Jacobson's nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior ampullar nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the utriculoampullar nerve that supplies the crista ampullaris of the anterior saemicircular duct. Synonym: nervus ampullaris anterior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior antebrachial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the median arising in elbow region, running on interosseous membrane, supplying the flexor pollicis longus, part of flexor digitorum profundus and the pronator quadratus muscles, as well as radiocarpal and intercarpal joints. Synonym: nervus interosseus anterior, ramus profundus nervi radialis, nervus antebrachii anterior, anterior antebrachial nerve, volar interosseous nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior crural nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A nerve originating in the lumbar spinal cord (usually l2 to l4) and traveling through the lumbar plexus to provide motor innervation to extensors of the thigh and sensory innervation to parts of the thigh, lower leg, and foot, and to the hip and knee joints. (12 Dec 1998) |
| anterior cutaneous branch of iliohypogastric nerve | <anatomy, nerve> Distribution, skin on pubis. Synonym: ramus cutaneus anterior nervi iliohypogastrici, genital branch of iliohypogastric nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior ethmoidal nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the nasociliary nerve; passes through anterior ethmoidal foramen on superomedial wall of orbit into cranial cavity, giving rise to anterior meningeal nerves, then passes through cribriform plates into nasal cavity, supplying anterosuperior nasal mucosa. Synonym: nervus ethmoidalis anterior. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior interosseous nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the median arising in elbow region, running on interosseous membrane, supplying the flexor pollicis longus, part of flexor digitorum profundus and the pronator quadratus muscles, as well as radiocarpal and intercarpal joints. Synonym: nervus interosseus anterior, ramus profundus nervi radialis, nervus antebrachii anterior, anterior antebrachial nerve, volar interosseous nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior superior alveolar branches of infraorbital nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The branches of the superior alveolar nerve that supply the incisors, canines, premolars, and first molar by their contributions to the superior dental plexus. Synonym: rami alveolares superiores anteriores nervi infraorbitalis. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior supraclavicular nerve | <anatomy, nerve> One of several nerves arising from the cervical plexus which supply the skin over the upper medial part of the thorax. Synonym: nervus supraclavicularis medialis, anterior supraclavicular nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| anterior tibial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> One of the terminal branches of the common peroneal nerve, arising at the fibular neck and passing into the anterior compartment of the leg; it supplies the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, and peroneus tertius muscles in the leg, then crosses the ankle joint to supply the muscles on the dorsum of the foot (extensors hallucis and digitorum brevis) becoming cutaneous to innervate adjacent sides of the great and second toes. Synonym: nervus fibularis profundus, nervus peroneus profundus, anterior tibial nerve, deep fibular nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| aortic nerve | <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the vagus which ends in the aortic arch and base of the heart; composed entirely of afferent fibres; its stimulation elicits a brainstem reflex which causes slowing of the heart, dilation of the peripheral vessels, and a fall in blood pressure. Synonym: Cyon's nerve, depressor nerve of Ludwig, Ludwig's nerve. (05 Mar 2000) |
| area of facial nerve | <anatomy, nerve> The area in the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus superior to the transverse crest through which the facial nerve passes to enter the facial canal. Synonym: area nervi facialis. (05 Mar 2000) |
Synonyms : Cerebellar Mossy Fiber, Mossy Fiber, Cerebellar, Nerve Fiber
Synonyms : A Fiber, B Fiber, Fiber, A, Fiber, B, Fiber, Myelinated Nerve, Fibers, A, Fibers, B, Fibers, Myelinated Nerve, Myelinated Nerve Fiber, Myelinated Nerve Fibers, Nerve Fiber, Myelinated
Synonyms : C Fiber, Nerve Fiber, Unmyelinated, Unmyelinated Nerve Fiber, Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers
Synonyms : NGF-1beta, beta-Nerve Growth Factor, Factor, beta-Nerve Growth, NGF 1beta, beta Nerve Growth Factor
Synonyms : Growth-Associated Proteins, Neuronal, Neuronal Growth-Associated Proteins, Neuronotrophic Factors, Neurotrophic Protein, Neurotrophic Proteins, Proteins, Neuronal Growth-Associated, Factors, Nerve Growth, Factors, Neurite Outgrowth, Factors, Neuronotrophic
| nerve gas |
a toxic gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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|---|---|
| nerve growth factor |
a protein that is involved in the growth of peripheral nerve cells
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| nerve impulse |
the electrical discharge that travels along a nerve fiber; "they demonstrated the transmission of impulses from the cortex to the hypothalamus"
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| nerve plexus |
a network of intersecting nerves
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| nerve tissue |
nervous tissue: tissue composed of neurons
출처: wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn
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| nerve | the terminal structure of an axon that does not end at a synapse |
|---|---|
| nerve | repeated and long-term nerve compression (usually in nerves near joints that are subject to inflammation or swelling) |
| nerve | a threadlike extension of a nerve cell |
| nerve | a threadlike extension of a nerve cell |
| nerve | a toxic war gas that is inhaled or absorbed through the skin and has harmful effects on the nervous and respiratory system |
| nerve | a protein that is involved in the growth of peripheral nerve cells |
| nerve | the electrical discharge that travels along a nerve fiber |
| nerve | a bundle of nerve fibers following a path through the brain |
| nerve | a network of intersecting nerves |
| nerve | tissue composed of neurons |
| nerve | a bundle of nerve fibers following a path through the brain |
| nerve | extremely irritating to the nerves |